List of historical earthquakes

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This article is about historical earthquakes (before 1901). For 1901–2000 earthquakes, see Lists of 20th-century earthquakes. For earthquakes after 2000, see Lists of 21st-century earthquakes.

Historical earthquakes is a list of significant earthquakes known to have occurred prior to the beginning of the 20th century. As the events listed here occurred before routine instrumental recordings, they rely mainly on the analysis of written sources. There is often significant uncertainty in location and magnitude and sometimes date for each earthquake. The number of fatalities is also often highly uncertain, particularly for the older events.

Pre-11th century

Date Time‡ Place Lat Long Fatalities ṃ Comments Sources
1831 BC or 1731 BC or 1652 BC Xia China
see Mount Tai earthquake		 N 34.2705° E 108.92512°  ?  ? Listed in the Bamboo Annals [1][2]
479 BC Aegean Sea
see 479 BC Potidaea earthquake		 N 39.7° E 23.3° Many 7.0 (approx) Oldest record of a tsunami. Saved Potidaea from an invasion by the Achaemenid Empire. [3]
464 BC Sparta, Greece
see 464 BC Sparta earthquake		  ? 7.2 (approx) ṃ Led to a helot uprising and strained relations with Athens, one of the factors that led to the Peloponnesian War [4]
226 BC Rhodes, Greece
see 226 BC Rhodes earthquake		  ? – Destroyed Colossus of Rhodes and city of Kameiros [5]
60 BC Portugal and Galicia coasts  ? 8.5 Caused a tsunami [6]
17 AD At night Asia minor
see AD 17 Lydia earthquake		 37.85 27.3  ? Destroyed 13 cities in Asia (minor) Described by the historians Tacitus and Pliny the Elder
February 5, 62 AD Bay of Naples, Italy
see AD 62 Pompeii earthquake		  ? 5–6 Brought down a large part of Pompeii, caused severe damage in Herculaneum and Nuceria. Seneca describes it in his "Quaestiones Naturales VI" [7]
110 AD Dian Kingdom, Yunnan, southwestern China probably thousands – Flooded administrative centre of the Dian Kingdom [8]
December 13, 115 AD Antioch
see 115 Antioch earthquake		 36.1 36.1 260,000 (approx) 7.5 Ms [9]
May 18, 363 AD Syria
see 363 Galilee earthquake		 "thousands" 7 (approx) Destruction also in "The Holy Land", Petra Ammianus Marcellinus[10] and numerous other late Antiquity writers.[11]
July 21, 365 AD Crete (Greece)
see 365 Crete earthquake		 "thousands" 8.5+ Destruction also in Cyrene & Alexandria (by tsunami). Uplifted Crete by 9 metres. Ammianus Marcellinus[10] and numerous other late Antiquity writers[11]
382 Cape St. Vincent, Portugal 7.5 According to Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus, the earthquake and corresponding tsunami sank two islets that were situated near Cape St. Vincent. Ammianus Marcellinus
May 19, 526 AD Antioch, Turkey
see 526 Antioch earthquake		 250,000 7.0 The city of Antioch was greatly damaged, and some decades later the city's population was just 300,000. Procopius, II.14.6; sources based on John of Ephesus
July 6, 551 AD Beirut, Tyre, Tripoli
see 551 Beirut earthquake		 33.9 35.5 30,000 7.5 Mw Triggered a devastating tsunami, all the cities of the Phoenician coast from Tyre to Tripoli were reduced to ruins [12]
January 18, 749 AD[13][14] The Levant
see 749 Galilee earthquake		 "tens of thousands" 7.0–7.5 (approx) The cities of Tiberias, Beit She'an, Hippos and Pella were largely destroyed while many other cities across the Levant region were heavily damaged. [13]
November 24, 847 AD Damascus, Syria
see 847 Damascus earthquake		 33.5 36.3 70,000 7.3   [12][15]
December 856 AD Corinth, Greece 37.9 22.9 45,000 –   [15][16]
December 22, 856 AD (aftershocks for about a year) Qumis, Iran. From Khuvar to Bustam and Gurgan. The town of Qumis (Hecatompylos) hardest hit.
see 856 Damghan earthquake		 36.23 54.14 45,000–200,000. 7.9 (approx) The city of Qumis was half destroyed and had 45,096 casualties. [15][17]
July 13, 869 AD Sendai, Japan
see 869 Jōgan earthquake		 38.5 143.8 1,000 (approx) 8.6–9.0 Ms [18]
March 23, 893 AD Ardabil, Iran
see 893 Ardabil earthquake		 38.28 48.30 150,000 – – Regarded as a 'fake earthquake',[by whom?] due to misunderstanding of original Armenian sources for the 893 Dvin event.[19][20][21][22]
December 28, 893 AD Dvin, Armenia
see 893 Dvin earthquake		 40.0 44.6 30,000 6 (approx) Mislocated in India [23]

11th–18th centuries

Date Time‡ Place Lat Long Fatalities ṃ Comments Sources
December 1033 Jordan Valley, Levant, Israel & the State of Palestine
see 1033 Jordan Rift Valley earthquake		 32.5 35.5 70,000 7.3 ṃ. Triggered a tsunami. [24]
December 1037 Taizhou, Jiangsu, China 32.0 119.0 22,391 [25][26]
12 August 1042 Palmyra, Baalbek, Syria, Lebanon 35.1 38.9 50,000 7.2 (>VIII)   [12][15]
18 March 1068 Near East
see 1068 Near East earthquake		 20,000 ≥7.0   [27][28]
11 October 1138 Aleppo, Syria
see 1138 Aleppo earthquake		 36.1 36.8 230,000 7.1   [12][29]
30 September 1139 Ganja, Azerbaijan
see 1139 Ganja earthquake		 40.3 46.2 230,000–300,000 7.7 ṃ. Resulted in the total destruction of Ganja. [30]
12 August 1157 08:15 Hama, Syria
see 1157 Hama earthquake		 35.1 36.3 "Tens of thousands" 7.2 ṃ Largest in a sequence lasting from late 1156 to early 1159 [12][29][31]
4 February 1169 Sicily
see 1169 Sicily earthquake		 37.3 15.0 15,000 6.4–7.3   [32]
29 June 1170 06:29 Eastern Mediterranean
see 1170 Syria earthquake		 34.4 36.4 5,000–80,000 in Aleppo[33]
25,000 in Hama		 7.3–7.5[34]
7.7[35]		 Syria, Lebanon, central southern Turkey Numerous sources from Crusader times.[29][31]
5 July 1201 and/or 20 May 1202 Eastern Mediterranean; see 1202 Syria earthquake 1,100,000 (includes famine/disease deaths) 7.6 Damage across a wide area from Syria to Upper Egypt –
11 May 1222 06:15 Cyprus
see 1222 Cyprus earthquake		 34.7 32.6 7.0–7.5 Caused damage at Paphos, Limassol and Nicosia [36]
1268 Cilicia, Anatolia (Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia)
see 1268 Cilicia earthquake		 37.5 35.5 60,000 7 (approx)
27 September 1290 Chihli (Hopeh), China
see 1290 Chihli earthquake		 41.5 119.3 100,000 6.8 Ms [37]
26 May 1293 Kamakura, (now in Kanagawa Prefecture, Kantō region,) Japan
see 1293 Kamakura earthquake		 35.2 139.4 23,024 7.1 [38]
8 August 1303 06:00 1303 Crete earthquake, Greece 35 27 up to 10,000 ~8 Triggered a major tsunami that devastated Alexandria in Egypt [39]
1 January 1341 Crimea, Ukraine Not known 6 [40]
25 January 1348 15:00 Friuli, Venice, Rome
see 1348 Friuli earthquake		 46.37 13.58 10,000 6.9 [15]
24 August 1356 Lisbon, Portugal
see 1356 Lisbon earthquake		 8.5 ṃ [41][42]
18 October 1356 Basel, Switzerland
see 1356 Basel earthquake		 47.5 07.6 1,000 6.2 ṃ [43]
21 May 1382 Canterbury, UK
see 1382 Dover Straits earthquake		  ? 5.8 Struck during synod – later called "Earthquake Synod" – called to condemn heresy of John Wycliffe – some saw as portentous [44][45]
2 February 1428 Catalonia (now Spain)
1428 Catalonia earthquake		 42.4 2.2 1,000s 6.7 Sometimes called the terratrèmol de la candelera because it took place during the Candlemas. [15][46][47]
5 December 1456 Province of Benevento, Kingdom of Naples (now Italy)
1456 Central Italy earthquakes		 41.3 14.7 30,000–70,000 7.2 The largest and most widespread earthquake on the Italian Peninsula. Was followed by another ṃ 7.0 shock on December 30.
3 May 1481 03:00 Rhodes
see 1481 Rhodes earthquake		 36.0 28.0 30,000 7.1 Largest of a series that lasted 10 months [48]
20 September 1498 08:00 local time Honshu
see 1498 Meiō earthquake		 34.0 138.1 31,000 8.6 Ms [49]
6 June 1505 Nepal
see 1505 Lo Mustang earthquake		 29.5 83.0 30% of Nepalese population 8.2–8.8
10 September 1509 22:00 Istanbul, Turkey
see 1509 Istanbul earthquake		 40.9 28.7 10,000 7.2 Ms [50]
26 January 1531 04:30 Lisbon, Portugal
see 1531 Lisbon earthquake		 38.9 −09.0 30,000 6.9   [51]
23 January 1556 Shaanxi, China
see 1556 Shaanxi earthquake		 34.5 109.7 830,000+ 8.2–8.3 Deadliest earthquake in recorded history USGS
16–17 November 1570 19:10 Ferrara, Italy
see 1570 Ferrara earthquake		 44.817 11.633 70–200 5.5 Azariah de Rossi's Kol Elohim [15][52]
16 December 1575 18:30 Valdivia, Chile
see 1575 Valdivia earthquake		 −39.8 −73.2 ? 8.5 [15][53]
10–11 June 1585 Unk Aleutian Islands, Alaska
see 1585 Aleutian Islands earthquake		 Unk Unk Unk 9.25 ṃ
On June 11, 1585, a moderate tsunami struck the Sanriku coast of Japan. At the same time, a number of Hawaiian natives died after their settlements was struck by a tsunami-like event described in oral traditions. Paleotsunami evidence was also found in the Hawaiian Islands corresponding to a large tsunami in the 16th century. Modelling of a magnitude 9.25 earthquake in the Aleutian Islands matched the descriptions and geological evidences in Japan and Hawaii.		 [54]
18 January 1586 23:00 Chūbu region, Japan
see 1586 Tenshō earthquake		 36.0 136.9 8,000 7.9 ṃ [55]
24 November 1604 12:30 local time Arica, Chile
see 1604 Arica earthquake		 -18.500 -70.400 ? 8.5 ṃ [56]
3 February 1605 20:00 local time Shikoku, Honshu, Japan
see 1605 Keichō earthquake		 33.5 138.5 thousands 7.9 Ms [57]
13 July 1605 Qiongshan, Hainan, China
see 1605 Guangdong earthquake		 19.9 110.5 3,000 7.5 (X) [58]
25 October 1622 Ningxia, China
see 1622 North Guyuan earthquake		 36.5 106.3 12,000 7.0 Ms [59]
1 August 1629 Banda Sea, Indonesia
see 1629 Banda Sea earthquake		 -4.6 129.9 0 8.2-8.8 Mw [60]
27 March 1638 Calabria, Kingdom of Sicily (present-day Italy)
see 1638 Calabrian earthquakes		 38.64 15.78 9,581–30,000 7.1 A sequence of four earthquakes. [61]
27 March 1638 night Tabriz, Iran
see 1641 Tabriz earthquake		 37.9 46.1 12,613–30,000 6.8 ṃ
5 February 1663 17:30 local time Quebec, Canada
see 1663 Charlevoix earthquake		 47.6 70.1 0 7.3–7.9 Landslides were the primary feature. [62]
6 April 1667 Dubrovnik, Croatia
see 1667 Dubrovnik earthquake		 42.3 18.1 3,000 7.2 [63]
25 November 1667 Shamakhi, Azerbaijan
see 1667 Shamakhi earthquake		 40.6 48.6 80,000 6.9 Ms [37]
25 July 1668 Shandong, China
see 1668 Shandong earthquake		 35.3 118.6 42,578 8.5 Largest earthquake in East China. [64]
01668-08-1717 August 1668 Anatolia, Turkey
see 1668 North Anatolia earthquake		 40 36 8,000 8 Largest earthquake in Turkey. USGS
17 February 1674 19:30 Ambon, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia)
see 1674 Ambon earthquake and megatsunami		 3.75 127.75 2,347 6.8 Major tsunami up to 100 meters high. First and largest ever documented tsunami in Indonesia.
20 October 1687 11:30 Lima, Peru
see 1687 Peru earthquake		 −15.2 −75.9 5,000 8.2 [15]
5 June 1688 Province of Benevento, Italy
see 1688 Sannio earthquake		 41.3 14.6 est. 10,000 7 Completely destroyed Cerreto Sannita and Guardia Sanframondi, heavily damaged Benevento. [65]
13 September 1692 11:00 Salta Province, Argentina
see 1692 Salta earthquake		 −25.40 −64.80 ~13 7.0 The small village of Talavera del Esteco was completely destroyed. [66]
7 June 1692 11:43 local time Port Royal, Jamaica
see 1692 Jamaica earthquake		 17.9 −76.8 2,000+ 7 (approx) (X)   [67][68]
11 January 1693 Catania Province, Sicily
see 1693 Sicily earthquake		 60,000 7.5
5 September 1694 11:40 Irpinia, Italy
see 1694 Irpinia–Basilicata earthquake		 40.88 15.35 6,000 6.9 Mw [69]
18 May 1695 12:00 Shanxi, Qing dynasty
see 1695 Linfen earthquake		 36.0 111.5 52,600–176,365 7.8 Mw [70]
5 January 1699 Batavia, Dutch East Indies (now Jakarta, Indonesia)
see 1699 Java earthquake		 6.078 105.913 128 7.4–8.0 ṃ
01700-01-26January 26, 1700 ~21:00 Cascadia subduction zone
see 1700 Cascadia earthquake Source of "Orphan Tsunami," which struck Japan hours later. The Japanese were caught off-guard, not knowing the origin of the wave, until geologist Brian Atwater's research confirmed it.		 9 M (Satake et al., 1996) USGS
January 14, 1703 18:00 Norcia, Italy
see 1703 Apennine earthquakes		 42.7 13.07 6,240–9,761 6.7 Mw [15][71]
February 2, 1703 11:05 L'Aquila, Italy
see 1703 Apennine earthquakes		 42.43 13.3 2,500–5,000 6.7 Mw [15][71]
December 31, 1703 17:00 Kantō region, Japan
see 1703 Genroku earthquake		 35.0 140.0 5,233 8.2 Ms [72]
November 3, 1706 13:00 Abruzzo, Italy
see 1706 Abruzzo earthquake		 42.1 14.1 2,400 6.8 ṃ [72]
October 28, 1707 14:00 local time Japan
see 1707 Hōei earthquake		 33.0 136.0 5,000+ 8.6   [73]
October 14, 1709 Zhongwei, China
see 1709 Zhongwei earthquake		 37.4 105.3 2,000+ 7.5 Mw [74][75]
February 3, 1716 Algiers, Algeria
see 1716 Algiers earthquake		 36.8 3.0 20,000 IX–X European macroseismic scale
June 19, 1718 Gansu, China
see 1718 Tongwei–Gansu earthquake		 35.0 105.2 73,000 7.5 Ms [76]
April 26, 1721 Tabriz, Iran
see 1721 Tabriz earthquake		 37.9 46.7 ~80,000 7.7   [77]
July 8, 1730 08:45 Valparaiso, Chile
see 1730 Valparaiso earthquake		 −32.5 −71.5  ? 8.7   [78]
September 30, 1730 10:00 local time Beijing, China 40.0 116.2 100s 6.5   [79][80]
November 29, 1732 8:40 local time Irpinia, Italy
see 1732 Irpinia earthquake		 41.0727 15.0623 6.6 Ms [81]
October 16, 1737 15:30 local time Kamchatka, Russia
see 1737 Kamchatka earthquake		 51.1 158.0 8.3 Ms [82][83]
January 4, 1739 18:00 UTC Ningxia, China
see 1739 Yinchuan–Pingluo earthquake		 38.9 106.5 >50,000 8.0
October 28, 1746 22:30 local time Lima & Callao, Peru
see 1746 Lima–Callao earthquake		 −11.35 −77.28 4,000–5,000 8.6–8.8 Mw [84]
May 25, 1751 1:00 local time Concepción, Chile
see 1751 Concepción earthquake		 −36.830 −73.030 8.5 ṃ USGS
June 7, 1755 Northern Persia 34.0 51.5 1,200
40,000[85]		 5.9   [80][86]
01755-11-01November 1, 1755 10:16 Lisbon, Portugal
see 1755 Lisbon earthquake		 36 −11 80,000 8.5 Caused a huge tsunami USGS
November 18, 1755 09:11 Boston, Massachusetts, USA
see 1755 Cape Ann earthquake		 42.7 −70.2 0 5.9 Mw [87][88]
November 25, 1759 19:23 local time Eastern Mediterranean
see Near East earthquakes of 1759		 33.7 35.9 1,000s 7.4 Ms Earthquake in same area on October 30 considered to be a foreshock. [12]
March 31, 1761 13:01 local time Lisbon, Portugal
see 1761 Lisbon earthquake		 34.5 13.0 Unknown 8.5 Ms Second major earthquake in Europe in six years.
April 2, 1762 Northeastern Bay of Bengal[89]
see 1762 Arakan earthquake		 22.0 92.0 200 up to 8.8 Mw [90]
June 28, 1763 05:28 Komárom, Kingdom of Hungary
see 1763 Komárom earthquake		 47.73 18.15 83 6.2–6.5 Mw [91]
May 22, 1766 05:10 Istanbul, Turkey
see 1766 Istanbul earthquake		 40.8 29.0 4,000 7.1 ṃ [92]
October 21, 1766 04:30 local time Saint Joseph, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela
see 1766 Southeastern Caribbean earthquake		 11.0 −62.5 6.5–7.5 ṃ Destroyed Spanish colonial capital of San Jose, Trinidad (now St. Joseph). [93][94]
June 3, 1770 19:15 local time Port-au-Prince, Haiti
see 1770 Port-au-Prince earthquake		 18.7 −72.63 200+ 7.5 Mw [95]
July 29, 1773 Guatemala
see 1773 Guatemala earthquake		 14.6 -90.7 5–600 7.5
January 8, 1780 Tabriz, Iran
see 1780 Tabriz earthquake		 38.0 46.2 40,000–200,000 7.4 Ms [96][97]
February 4–5, March 28, 1783 12:00 Calabria, Italy
see 1783 Calabrian earthquakes		 38.15 15.70 35,000 6.9 Mw First in a sequence of five earthquakes Mw ≥ 5.9 to hit Calabria in less than two months. [98]
June 1, 1786 04:00 local time Sichuan, China
see 1786 Kangding-Luding earthquake		 29.9 102.0 ~100,000 7.75 Mw Triggered a landslide that blocked the Dadu river – the collapse of the dam during an aftershock and subsequent flood caused most of the casualties. [99]
March 28, 1787 11:30 local time Oaxaca, Mexico
see 1787 New Spain earthquake		 16.5 -98.5 11+ 8.6 Mw
February 4, 1797 12:30 Quito, Ecuador & Cuzco, Peru
see 1797 Riobamba earthquake		 41,000 7.3 Mw [100]
10 February 1797 Sumatra, East Indies (now Indonesia)
see 1797 Sumatra earthquake		 −1.0 99.0 300 8.4   [101][102][103]

19th century

Date Time‡ Place Lat Long Fatalities ṃ Comments Sources
October 26, 1802 10:55 Vrancea region, Moldavia, now Romania
see 1802 Vrancea earthquake		 45.7 26.6 3 in Bucharest 7.9 Serious damage in the area. All church steeples in Bucharest collapsed, as well as many houses and Colţea bell tower. [104][105]
February 16, 1810 22:15 Crete, Heraklion
see 1810 Crete earthquake		 35.5 25.6 2,000 7.5 Mw [106]
01811-12-16December 16, 1811 08:00 New Madrid, Missouri, USA
see 1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes		 36.6 −89.6 8.1 ṃ USGS
01812-01-23January 23, 1812 15:00 New Madrid, Missouri, USA
see 1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes		 36.6 −89.6 7.8 ṃ USGS
01812-02-07February 7, 1812 09:45 New Madrid, Missouri, USA
see 1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes		 36.6 −89.6 8 MI (Johnston, 1996) USGS
March 26, 1812 16:37 Caracas, La Guaira, El Tocuyo, San Felipe, Barquisimeto, Mérida, La Victoria, Valencia, Venezuela see 1812 Caracas earthquake 15,000–20,000 7.7–8.0
December 8, 1812 7:00 a.m. local time Alta California see 1812 San Juan Capistrano earthquake 40 6.9–7.5 Destroyed the "Great Stone Church" at Mission San Juan Capistrano
December 21, 1812 11:00 a.m. local time Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA

see 1812 Ventura earthquake

 34.12 −119.54 1-2 7.1–7.5 Destroyed the church at Mission Santa Barbara, caused near-total destruction at Mission La Purísima Concepción, and considerable damage at Mission Santa Inés Southern California Earthquake Data Center
June 16, 1819 18:45–18:50 local time Gujarat, India
see 1819 Rann of Kutch earthquake		 23.0 71.0 >1,543 7.7–8.2 Mw Formed an 80 km long ridge, the Allah Bund ('Dam of God') [107]
01823-06-02June 2, 1823 08:00 south flank of Kīlauea, Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaii 19.3 −155 7 MI (Klein and Wright, 2000) USGS
August 26, 1833 Himalayas, Nepal–India–Tibet region
see 1833 Bihar–Nepal earthquake		 28.3 85.5 ~500 7.7–7.9 ṃ [108]
November 25, 1833 Sumatra, East Indies (now Indonesia)
see 1833 Sumatra earthquake		 −2.5 100.5 "numerous victims" 8.8–9.2 Mw Huge tsunami flooded all southern part of western Sumatra [101][103][109]
01836-06-10June 10, 1836 15:30 south San Francisco Bay region, California, Mexico (now USA) 36.9 −121.5 6.5 MI (Bakun, 1999) Reports probably refer to the 1838 San Andreas earthquake, misreported in 1868 following the Hayward earthquake of that year USGS,[110]
January 1, 1837 16:00 local time Galilee, Palestine
see Galilee earthquake of 1837		 33.0 35.5 6,000–7,000 >7.0 Ms [12][111]
01838-06-01June 1838 San Francisco Peninsula, California, Mexico (now USA)
see 1838 San Andreas earthquake		 37.3 −123.2 6.8 MI (Bakun, 1999) USGS
January 11, 1839 06:00 local time Offshore Martinique, France
see 1839 Martinique earthquake		 14.5 –60.5
700–4,000
7.8–8.0
 Severe damage in Martinique, and felt throughout most of the Lesser Antilles
March 23, 1839 04:00 Inwa, Kingdom of Burma (present day Myanmar)

see 1839 Ava earthquake

 21.9 96.0
300–500
8.1–8.2
 Destroyed the city of Amarapura, Mandalay and the former capital Inwa. [112]
01843-01-05January 5, 1843 02:45 Marked Tree, Arkansas, USA 35.5 −90.5 6.3 MI (Johnston, 1996) USGS
February 8, 1843 10:37 local time Guadeloupe, France

see 1843 Guadeloupe earthquake

 16.5 62.2
1,500–5,000
8.5
May 8, 1847 Around Zenkō-ji Temple, (now in Nagano Prefecture, Chūbu region,) Japan
see 1847 Nagano earthquake		 36.7 138.2 >8,600 7.4 2,094 houses lost by fire with quake at Nagano. [113]
November 26, 1852 Banda Sea, Dutch East Indies
see 1852 Banda Sea earthquake		 5.24 129.75 60+ 7.5–8.8 ṃ Major tsunami.
December 23, 1854 09:00 Honshu, Japan
see 1854 Tōkai earthquake		 34.0 137.8 2,000 8.4 Major tsunami. [114]
December 24, 1854 16:00 Honshu, Japan
see 1854 Nankai earthquake		 33.0 135.0 thousands 8.4 Major tsunami [114]
January 23, 1855 21:11 local time Wairarapa, New Zealand
see 1855 Wairarapa earthquake		 −41.4 174.5 4 8.0 (approx) Raised sections of Wellington coastline by 2 metres. –
November 11, 1855 22:00 local time Edo (now Tokyo, Kantō region), Japan
see 1855 Edo earthquake		 35.65 139.8 ~ 7,000 7.0 Ms 10,000 house destroyed in Edo. 安政の大地震 in Japanese
October 12, 1856 02:38 or 02:24 local time Crete-Rhodes, Greece (then the Ottoman Empire)

see 1856 Heraklion earthquake

 35.5 26.0 600+ 7.7–8.3 ṃ Widespread damage to Greece, Malta, Anatolia and the Middle East.
01857-01-09January 9, 1857 16:24 Fort Tejon, California, USA (San Andreas fault from Parkfield to Wrightwood)
see 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake		 1 7.9 M (Grant and Sieh, 1993; Stein and Hanks, 1998) USGS
01857-12-16December 16, 1857 21:00 Naples, Italy
see 1857 Basilicata earthquake		 40.3 16 11,000 6.9 MI USGS
February 16, 1861 Sumatra, East Indies (now Indonesia)
see 1861 Sumatra earthquake		 1.0 97,5 905 8.5 Caused a major tsunami. [115][116]
March 20, 1861 20:36 Mendoza Province, Argentina
see 1861 Mendoza earthquake		 -32.9 -68.9 5235 7.2 Strongest earthquake in Mendoza Province and proportional most deadly in Argentinean history. INPRES
01865-10-08October 8, 1865 20:46 San Jose, California, USA 37.2 −121.9 6.5 MI (Bakun, 1999) USGS
April 14, 1867 14:30 Manhattan, Riley County, Kansas
see 1867 Manhattan, Kansas earthquake		 39.2 –96.3 5.1 ṃ
June 10, 1867 21:09 Central Java, Dutch East Indies
see 1867 Java earthquake		 -8.7 110.6 700 7.8 ṃ
November 18, 1867 18:45 Anegada Passage, between the British Virgin Islands and Danish West Indies (present-day US Virgin Islands)
see 1867 Virgin Islands earthquake and tsunami		 18.2 –65.0 ~30 7.3–7.5 NGDC
December 18, 1867 09:00 New Taipei City, Taiwan
see 1867 Keelung earthquake		 25.34 121.91 580 7.0 ṃ. Thought to be the only destructive tsunami (15 meters) in Taiwan.
01868-04-03April 3, 1868 02:25 Kau, southeast Hawaii, Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaii
see 1868 Hawaii earthquake		 19.2 −155.5 77 7.9 MI (Klein and Wright, 2000) USGS
01868-04-03August 13, 1868 16:45 local time Arica, Chile
see 1868 Arica earthquake		 −18.500 −70.350 25,000 8.5-9.3 Mw, Okal et al (2006) gives upper end magnitude USGS
01868-10-21October 21, 1868 15:53 Hayward, California, USA, Hayward Fault Zone
see 1868 Hayward earthquake		 37.7 −122.1 30 6.8 MI (Bakun, 1999) USGS
01871-02-20February 20, 1871 08:42 Molokai, Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaii
see 1871 Lāna`i earthquake		 21.2 −156.9 6.8 MI (Klein and Wright, 2000) USGS
01872-03-26March 26, 1872 10:30 Owens Valley, California, USA
see 1872 Lone Pine earthquake		 36.5 −118 27 7.6 M (Beanland and Clark, 1994) USGS
01872-12-15December 15, 1872 05:40 North Cascades, Washington, USA
see 1872 North Cascades earthquake		 47.9 −120.3 7.3 MI (Malone and Bor, 1979; Rogers et al., 1983) USGS
May 10, 1877 21:16 local time Iquique, Chile
see 1877 Iquique earthquake		 −19.600 −70.230 2,541 8.8 Mw USGS
November 9, 1880 7:04 local time Zagreb, Croatia
see 1880 Zagreb earthquake		 45.9 16.1 1 6.2 Ms [117]
April 3, 1881 11:30 Chios, Çeşme, Alaçatı
see 1881 Chios earthquake		 38.25 26.25 7,866 6.5 Mw [118]
01881-12-31December 31, 1881 01:49 India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
see 1881 Nicobar Islands earthquake		 8.52 92.43 0 7.9 Mw [119]
September 7, 1882 3:50 local time San Blas Islands, Panama
see 1882 Panama earthquake		 10.0 79.0 250 8.3 Ms Largest earthquake in Panamanian history [120]
December 25, 1884 09:18 Andalusia, Spain
see 1884 Andalusian earthquake		 -36.96 4.07 1,200 6.5 Mw
01886-08-27August 27, 1886 21:32 Filiatra, western Peloponnese, Greece
see 1886 Peloponnese earthquake		 37.1 21.5 600 7.5 unknown [121]
01886-08-31August 31, 1886 02:51 Charleston, South Carolina, USA
see 1886 Charleston earthquake		 32.9 −80 60 7.3 MI (Johnston, 1996) Believed to be the largest earthquake ever to strike the east coast. USGS
February 23, 1887 06:30 local time Liguria, Italy

see 1887 Liguria earthquake

 43.78 8.07 600–3,000 6.3–7.5 ṃ The earthquake caused severe damage along the Ligurian coast and caused the town of Bussana Vecchia to be abandoned. [122][123]
September 1, 1888 04:10 local time North Canterbury, New Zealand
see 1888 North Canterbury earthquake		 −42.6 172.4 7.0–7.3 First earthquake observed to be associated with mainly horizontal fault displacement. –
01889-07-28July 28, 1889 23:40 Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan
see 1889 Kumamoto earthquake		 32.8 130.7 20 6.3 [15]
01891-10-27October 27, 1891 21:38 Mino-Owari (Gifu-Aichi Prefectures), Tōkai region, Japan
see 1891 Mino–Owari earthquake		 35.6 136.6 7,273 8 MS USGS
01892-04-19April 19, 1892 10:50 Vacaville, California, USA
see 1892 Vacaville–Winters earthquakes		 38.5 −121.8 1 6.4 MI (Bakun, 1999) USGS
01892-04-21April 21, 1892 17:43 Winters, California, USA
see 1892 Vacaville–Winters earthquakes		 38.6 −122 6.4 MI (Bakun, 1999) USGS
01893-11-17November 17, 1893 15:06 Quchan, Iran
see 1893 Quchan earthquake		 37.2 58.4 18,000 6.6 Ms [124]
01895-10-31October 31, 1895 11:08 Charleston, Missouri, USA 37 −89.4 6.6 MI (Johnston, 1996) USGS
01896-06-15June 15, 1896 19:32 Off the Pacific coast of Sanriku, Iwate Prefecture, Tōhoku region, Japan
see 1896 Sanriku earthquake		 39.5 144 22,000+ 8.0–8.1 (approx) Mw USGS
01897-06-12June 12, 1897 11:06 Assam, India
see 1897 Assam earthquake		 26 91 1,500 8.3 USGS
01897-09-21September 21, 1897 05:12 Mindanao, Philippines
see 1897 Mindanao earthquakes		 6.0 122.0 13 7.5 MS [125][126]
01899-09-04September 4, 1899 00:22 Cape Yakataga, Alaska, USA
see 1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes		 60 -142 7.9 MS USGS
01899-09-10September 10, 1899 21:41 Yakutat Bay, Alaska, USA
see 1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes		 60 −142 8 MS USGS
01899-09-2020 September 1899 04:00 Ottoman Empire
see 1899 Aydın–Denizli earthquake		 37.9 28.1 1,117 7.1 Mw NGDC
01900-10-09October 9, 1900 12:28 Kodiak Island, Alaska, USA 57.1 −153.5 7.7 MS USGS
01900-10-28October 28, 1900 09:11 offshore Miranda, Venezuela
see 1900 San Narciso earthquake		 11.0 −66.0 140 7.7 ṃ USGS

Source for all events with 'USGS' labelled as the source United States Geological Survey (USGS) [1] Note: Magnitudes are generally estimations from intensity data. When no magnitude was available, the maximum intensity, written as a Roman numeral from I to XII, is given.

See also

References

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External links

  1. ↑ Bamboo Annals, listed under Xia chapters on King Fa's 7th year.
  2. ↑ 吳階平, 喻滄, 季羨林. [2002] (2002) 世紀中國學術大典: 測繪學, 大氣科學, 固體地球物理學, 應用地球物理學, 海洋科學. 福建教育出版社. ISBN 7-5334-3446-3, ISBN 978-7-5334-3446-5. p 41.
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  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Ammianus Marcellinus, "Res Gestae", 26.10.15–19
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 For summaries of the sources, see Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 IISEENET (Information Network of Earthquake disaster Prevention Technologies) – Search Page
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  43. ↑ Lambert, J., Winter1, T., Dewez, T.J.B. & Sabourault, P. 2004. New hypotheses on the maximum damage area of the 1356 Basel earthquake (Switzerland). Quaternary Science Reviews, 24, 381–399. Archived September 29, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  44. ↑ "Earthquake Synod." In Cross, F. L. and E. A. Livingstone, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. London: Oxford UP, 1974. p. 437
  45. ↑ De Hamel, Christopher. The Book. A History of the Bible. London: Phaidon Press Limited, 2001. p. 169
  46. ↑ Josep Perarnau i Espelt (2002). "La lletra de Felip de Malla informant el rei Alfons del terratrèmol de la Candelera, 1428". Arxiu de textos catalans antics, 21:665–670. ISSN 0211-9811
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  58. ↑ Likelihood of Tsunamis Affecting the Coast of Southeastern China Wong, W.T. & Chan, Y.W. 6th General Assembly of Asian Seismological Commission 2006 (ASC2006) and Symposium on Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation, Bangkok, Thailand, 7–10 November 2006
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  71. ↑ 71.0 71.1 Geological effects induced by the L’Aquila earthquake (6 April 2009, Ml = 5.8) on the natural environment: preliminary report Archived February 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
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  85. ↑ USGS Historic Worldwide Earthquakes page Archived February 21, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
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