Mountain Province
Mountain Province Lalawigang Bulubundukin |
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Province | |||
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{{#property:P242}} Location in the Philippines |
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Country | [[{{#property:P17}}]] | ||
Region | [[{{#property:P131}}]] (CAR) | ||
Founded | 1908 | ||
Capital | Bontoc | ||
Government | |||
• Governor | Leonard Mayaen (Independent) | ||
• Vice Governor | Boni Lacwasan (Independent) | ||
Area[1] | |||
• Total | 2,157.38 km2 (832.97 sq mi) | ||
Area rank | 58th out of 81 | ||
Population (Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 584: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).)[2] | |||
• Total | {{#property:P1,082}} | ||
• Rank | 76th out of 81 | ||
• Density rank | 75th out of 81 | ||
Divisions | |||
• Independent cities | 0 | ||
• Component cities | 0 | ||
• Municipalities | 10 | ||
• Barangays | 144 | ||
• Districts | Lone district of Mountain Province | ||
Time zone | PHT (UTC+8) | ||
ZIP code | 2616 to 2625 | ||
Dialing code | {{#property:P473}} | ||
ISO 3166 code | {{#property:P300}} | ||
Spoken languages | Ilocano, Bontoc, Kankana-ey, Pangasinan, Tagalog, English | ||
Website | {{ |
Mountain Province (Filipino: Lalawigang Bulubundukin), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc.
Mountain Province was formerly referred to as Mountain in some foreign references. The name is also incorrectly shortened by locals to Mt. Province, which in turn is read by native Anglophones as "Mount Province". The province was named so for being in the Cordillera Central mountain range found in the upper realms of Luzon island.
Mountain Province was also the name of the historical province that included most of the current Cordillera provinces. This old province was established by the Philippine Commission in 1908,[3][4][5] and was later split in 1966 into Mountain Province, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao and Ifugao.[6][7][8]
The province is also known for its mummy caves, which contain naturally mummified bodies, and for its hanging coffins.[6]
Contents
History
Spanish period
The area of the Cordillera mountains proved difficult to control by the Spaniards. From 1566 to 1665, they sent expeditions to conquer the land but the rugged terrain and hostile indigenous population at the time were major obstacles to complete subjugation.[9]
Formerly called La Montañosa by the Spanish colonizers due to its mountainous terrain,[6][10] the area was subdivided into 6 comandancias politico-militar.[11]
Comandancia | Year established | Comandancia | Year established |
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Benguet | 1846 | Amburayan | 1889 |
Lepanto | 1852 | Kayapa | 1891 |
Bontoc | 1859 | Cabugaoan | 1891 |
American period
In August 19, 1908, during the American rule, the Philippine Commission enacted Act No. 1876, which organized the entire area of the Cordilleras into one large province, named Mountain Province.[3][5][6][12] The first governor was Samuel Cane, and the town of Bontoc was made the capital. It was originally composed of the sub-provinces of Amburayan, Apayao, Benguet, Lepanto-Bontoc, Ifugao and Kalinga.[5][10]
Amburayan was later abolished in 1920 and its corresponding territories were transferred to the provinces of Ilocos Sur and La Union. Lepanto was also reduced in size and its towns were integrated into the sub-provinces of Bontoc and Benguet, and to the province of Ilocos Sur.[9][13] [14]
Sub-province | Abolished? | Notes | Sub-province | Abolished? | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amburayan | Yes, in 1920 | Territories annexed to Ilocos Sur and La Union[5][14] | Ifugao | No | |
Apayao | No | Kalinga | No | ||
Benguet | No | Eastern towns annexed to Ilocos Sur and La Union in 1920[14] | Lepanto-Bontoc | Yes, in 1920 | Territories annexed to Ilocos Sur, Bontoc and Benguet[5][14] |
Post-war era
Effective on April 7, 1967, Republic Act No. 4695 abolished the old Mountain Province, converting its sub-provinces into 4 independent provinces: Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga-Apayao and Mountain Province (corresponding to the former Bontoc sub-province).[6][8][10] On June 15, 1987, the Cordillera Administrative Region was established upon the issuance of Executive Order 220 by then-President Corazon Aquino, and Mountain Province was made one of its provinces.[9][15][16]
Geography
Mountain Province is bounded in the east by Isabela, in the north by the provinces of Kalinga, Apayao, and Abra, in the south of Benguet and Ifugao, and in the west by the province of Ilocos Sur.
It has an area of 215,738 hectares (533,100 acres),[1] with 83% mountainous while 17% make up hills and levels. The province has many rivers, waterfalls, mountains, and caves. The central and western areas of the province are characterized by rugged mountains and steep cliffs, while the eastern portion has generally sloping terrain.[6][10]
Administrative divisions
Mountain Province is subdivided into ten municipalities, all encompassed by a lone legislative district.[17]
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Barangays
Mountain Province has 144 barangays comprising its 10 municipalities.[18]
As of 2010, the most populous barangay in the province is Poblacion in the municipality of Paracelis, with a total of 5,687 inhabitants. Balintaugan in the municipality of Bauko has the least population with only 144.[18]
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Demographics
Population census of Mountain Province |
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Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
1990 | 116,535 | — |
1995 | 130,755 | +2.18% |
2000 | 140,631 | +1.57% |
2007 | 148,661 | +0.77% |
2010 | 154,187 | +1.34% |
Source: National Statistics Office[2][19] |
Based on the 2000 census survey, 52% of the population are Kankana-ey. Other ethnic groups living in the province are the Balangao 13.6%, Ibontoc 12%, and other ethnicity, such as the Ilocano, comprise about 21.6% of the province's population.[20]
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Religion
Roman Catholicism predominates in the province with approximately 60% adherence. In 2014, The Apostolic Vicariate of Bontoc-Lagawe recorded a 61.5% Roman Catholic adherence. Like the neighboring province of Ifugao, the most significant religion other than Roman Catholicism is the Aglipayan Church while many people are still professing indigenous beliefs. Other denominations include the Anglican Church.
Tourism
The province has several rice terraces in its different towns:[10]
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- Ambasing Rice Terraces — Sagada
- Bangaan Rice Terraces — Sagada
- Bangen Rice Terraces — Bauko
- Barlig Rice Terraces — Barlig
- Bayyo Rice Terraces — Bontoc
- Besao Rice Terraces — Besao
- Bontoc Poblacion Rice Terraces — Bontoc
- Bucas Rice Terraces — Besao
- Bulongan Rice Terraces — Sagada
- Dalican Rice Terraces — Bontoc
- Fidelisan Rice Terraces — Sagada
- Focong Rice Terraces — Sadanga
- Kapayawan Rice Terraces — Bauko
- Kiltepan Rice Terraces — Sagada
- Maligcong Rice Terraces — Bontoc
- Natonin Rice Terraces — Natonin
- Sadanga Rice Terraces — Sadanga
- Suyo Rice Terraces — Sagada
- Tanulong Rice Terraces — Sagada
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Rice terraces in Barlig
Government
List of former governors:
- 2001–2004 Sario M. Malinias
- 2004–2010 Maximo B. Dalog
- 2010–2016 Leonard G. Mayaen
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2002/pr0212tx.html
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to [[commons:Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]]. |
- Geographic data related to Mountain Province at OpenStreetMap
- Philippine Standard Geographic Code
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Abra | Kalinga | ||
Ilocos Sur | Isabela | |||
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Benguet | Ifugao |
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