Chlorine azide

Chlorine azide

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Names
Other names Chlorine nitride; Nitrogen chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	13973-88-1 Y
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	61708
SMILES [N-]=[N+]=NCl
Properties
Chemical formula	ClN3
Molar mass	77.4731 g/mol
Appearance	Yellow orange liquid or gas
Melting point	−100 °C (−148 °F; 173 K)
Boiling point	−15 °C (5 °F; 258 K)
Solubility	Soluble in butane, pentane, benzene, methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon disulfide; slightly soluble in water
Explosive data
Shock sensitivity	Extreme
Friction sensitivity	Extreme
Vapor pressure	{{{value}}}
Related compounds
Related compounds	Fluorine azide Bromine azide Hydrazoic acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Chlorine azide (ClN₃) is an inorganic compound that was discovered in 1908 by Friedrich Raschig. Concentrated ClN
₃ is notoriously unstable and may spontaneously detonate at any temperature.

Preparation and handling

Chlorine azide is prepared by passing chlorine gas over silver azide, or by an addition of acetic acid to a solution of sodium hypochlorite and sodium azide.

When treated with ammonia it is conceivable that one or more of the three possible azinamines, NH₂N₃, NH(N₃)₂, and N(N₃)₃ may be formed.

Explosive characteristics

Chlorine azide is extremely sensitive. It may explode, sometimes even without apparent provocation; it is thus too sensitive to be used commercially unless first diluted in solution. Chlorine azide reacts explosively with 1,3-butadiene, ethane, ethene, methane, propane, phosphorus, silver azide, and sodium. On contact with acid, chlorine azide decomposes, evolving toxic and corrosive hydrogen chloride gas.

Regulatory information

Its shipment is strictly regulated by the US Department of Transportation.