Crusader Cathedral of Tyre
| Cathedral of Tyre | |
|---|---|
| Ruins of the church (2019)
Ruins of the church (2019)
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| Location | Tyre |
| Country |  Lebanon |
| Denomination | Catholic |
The Crusader Cathedral of the Holy Cross was the cathedral of the Archdiocese of Tyre (Latin: Archidioecesis Tyrensis), and seat of one of the four archdioceses of the Catholic Church belonging to the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem.
History
By 1129, William I of Tyre had his own cathedral dedicated to the Holy Cross (Latin: ecclesiam Sancte Crucis Tyrensem), built on the site of a Byzantine church.[lower-alpha 1] However, it was the traditional coronation site of the Kings of Jerusalem and the site of royal weddings as one of the largest and most prestigious ecclesiastical buildings in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. On 29 August 1167, Patriarch Amalric officiated the marriage between King Amalric to Byzantine Princess Maria Komnene.[3] Since the loss of the city of Jerusalem in 1187, kings and queens of Jerusalem had been crowned in the Cathedral of Tyre.[4]
In 1202, the cathedral was damaged by an earthquake, then it was definitively destroyed in 1291 following the fall of the city by the Mamluks.[5]
Excavations
In the late 19th century, it was excavated by Johann Nepomuk Sepp who tried the find the remains of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa.[6]
Notable burials
Gallery
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Coronation of Maria of Montferrat (right) and John of Brienne in the Cathedral of Tyre on 3 October 1210.[8]
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JohannNepomukSepp MeerfahrNachTyros1879 TyreCrusaderCathedralColumns p257.jpg
A German expedition led by Johann Nepomuk Sepp to excavate the bones from the ruins of the Crusader Cathedral in Tyre, 1879
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Cattedrale di Tiro.jpg
19th century print
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1870 Ruins.jpg
1870 photo of the ruins
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Rovine della Cattedrale.jpg
2015 view of the church
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JohannNepomukSepp MeerfahrNachTyros1879 TyreCrusaderCrowningCathedral p245.jpg
Plan of the Cathedral
Notes
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- ↑ Pringle 2001, pp. 166–167.
- ↑ Hamilton 2016, p. 104.
- ↑ Pringle 2001, p. 167.
- ↑ Runciman 1989, p. 329.
- ↑ Pringle 2001, p. 169.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Tyerman 2006, p. 428.
- ↑ Runciman 1989, p. 133.
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