Desmond Morton (civil servant)

Major Sir Desmond Morton KCB CMG MC (13 November 1891 – 31 July 1971) was a British military officer and government official. Morton played an important role in organizing a response to appeasement of Germany under Adolf Hitler during the period prior to World War II by providing intelligence information about German re-armament to Winston Churchill. At this time Churchill did not have any position in the government. In 1940 Morton was Churchill's personal assistant when he became prime minister.

Early years in military service

Morton joined the Royal Artillery in 1911. He saw action in World War I, and was shot in the heart at the Battle of Arras in 1917. However, he survived and recovered, serving again with the bullet still inside. He served as aide de camp to Sir Douglas Haig, commander of the British Expeditionary Force from 1917 to 1918.

Civil Service

He was seconded to the Foreign Office in 1919 where he was head of the Secret Intelligence Service's Section V, dealing with counter-Bolshevism in the mid-1920s, and was Head of the Industrial Intelligence Centre of the Committee of Imperial Defence from 1929 to 1939, responsible for providing intelligence on the plans and capabilities for manufacturing munitions in other countries. From 1930 to 1939 he was also a member of the CID sub-committee on Economic Warfare. From 1929, as he "found himself idle much of the time" he assisted Winston Churchill who was writing his history of the Great War, The World Crisis.

World War Two and post war

In 1939, he became the Principal Assistant Secretary at the Ministry of Economic Warfare, and became Churchill's Personal Assistant in 1940. He served on the UN's Economic Survey Mission for the Middle East in 1949, and served in the Ministry of Civil Aviation from 1950 to 1953.

Honors and film portrayal

He was awarded the Military Cross in 1917, and a knighthood in 1945. Morton was portrayed by Jim Broadbent in the 2002 film The Gathering Storm.

See also

• Zinoviev letter
• Ralph Wigram

Further reading

• Martin Gilbert, Churchill: Prophet of Truth (William Heinemann, 1976)
• William Manchester, The Last Lion (Little, Brown, 1988)
• Gill Bennett, Churchill's Man of Mystery: Desmond Morton and the World of Intelligence (Routledge, 2006)