List of British Jewish scientists
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List of British Jewish scientists is a list that includes scientists from the United Kingdom and its predecessor states who are or were Jewish or of Jewish descent. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Contents
Physicists
- Petrus Alphonsi, Spanish (not British) astronomer and doctor [1]
- Edward Neville da Costa Andrade (JYB 1977 p207)
- Sir Michael Berry [6], mathematical physicist (JYB 2005 p214)
- Moses Blackman (JYB 1977 p207)
- David Bohm,[2] physicist, philosopher
- Sir Hermann Bondi [7], Austrian-born British cosmologist
- Max Born [8], [9], physicist, Nobel Prize 1954 (converted to Lutheranism) (JYB 2000 p212 - list of Jewish Nobel Prizewinners)
- Samuel Devons, physicist (JYB 2005 p214)
- Cyril Domb [10], physicist, President of Association of Orthodox Jewish Scientists
- Paul Eisler [11] [12], inventor of printed circuit board
- Michael Fisher [13]
- Otto Robert Frisch [14] (JYB 1980 p182)
- Herbert Frohlich (JYB 1990 p201)
- Dennis Gabor [15] [16] Nobel Prize for Physics 1971; British.
- Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "In 1946 Dennis Gabor became a naturalized British citizen."
- Sir David Lionel Goldsmid-Stern-Salomons [17], scientist and inventor
- Jeffrey Goldstone (JYB 2005 p214)
- Ian Grant (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Peter Hirsch, physicist (JYB 2005 p213, 214)
- Herbert Huppert, 1987 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Brian David Josephson [18], physicist, Nobel Prize (1973)
- George Kalmus, 1988 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Andrew Keller [19]
- Olga Kennard, crystallographer 1987 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Rudolf Kompfner,[3] invented traveling wave tube
- Hans Kronberger (physicist),[4] nuclear physicist
- Nicholas Kurti [20], physicist, Vice-President of the Royal Society 1965-67. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography:
- "study at the university was open to him, despite being a Jew ... Kurti became a naturalized British citizen just before the outbreak of the Second World War"
- Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell [21], physicist and politician
- Henry Lipson (JYB 1990 p201)
- Sir Ben Lockspeiser (JYB 1990 p201)
- Stanley Mandelstam (JYB 2005 p214)
- Kurt Mendelssohn (Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:492)
- Leon Mestel, astronomer (Who's Who entry & JYB 2000 p211)
- F.R. Nunes Nabarro (JYB 2005 p214)
- Rudolf Peierls (JYB 1995 p193)
- Michael Pepper (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Joseph Rotblat [22], physicist, Nobel Peace Prize (1995)
- Adolf Schallamach, physics of friction and wear of rubber
- Arthur Schuster (Encyclopedia Judaica, 14:1012)
- Dennis Sciama, FRS [23], cosmologist
- David Shoenberg, physics of low temperatures (JYB 1995 p193)
- Sir Francis Simon, 1941 (Encyclopedia Judaica, 14:1578)
- David Tabor (JYB 2005 p214)
- Samuel Tolansky, spectroscopist
- Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "son of Lithuanian-Jewish immigrants"
- Felix Weinberg (JYB 2005 p214)
- Michael Woolfson, crystallographer, computer simulation 1984 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Alec David Young, aero-engineer (JYB 2005 p214)
- John Ziman [24]
Chemists
- Herbert Brown, chemist, Nobel Prize (1979) (JYB 2005 p215) Born in London - see refs in article
- Sir Arnold Burgen (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Roy Calne (JYB 2005 p214)
- Jack David Dunitz [25], chemist
- Martin Fleischmann,[5] chemist
- Rosalind Franklin [26], physical chemist and crystalographer, helped to discover structure of DNA
- Eugen Glueckauf (JYB 1980 p182)
- Sir Ian Heilbron (Encyclopedia Judaica 8:262)
- Walter Heitler [27]
- Sir Aaron Klug [28], physicist & chemist, Nobel Prize (1982) (JYB 2000 p211-2)
- Harold Kroto [29], discoverer of buckminsterfullerene, Nobel Prize (1996) (Jewish father; raised Jewish)
- Raphael Meldola (Encyclopaedia Judaica 11:1290)
- Alfred Mond, chemist 1928 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 4:1298, 12:241)
- Ludwig Mond [30], chemist & industrialist
- Sir Robert Mond, chemist and archaeologist (Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Mond)
- Albert Neuberger [31], chemical pathologist
- father of Prof. James Neuberger, Lord Justice Sir David Neuberger and Prof. Michael Neuberger, and father-in-law of Julia Neuberger
- Friedrich Paneth (Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:54)
- Sir Max Perutz [32], molecular biologist, Nobel Prize (1962)
- Michael Polanyi [33], chemist; naturalised British 1939 (Dictionary of National Biography)
- Ralph Raphael (JYB 1995 p193)
- Michael Rossmann [34]
- Jeremy Sanders
- Anthony Segal, 1998 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Franz Sondheimer, organic chemist (JYB 2005 p214)
- Michael Szwarc, polymer chemistry (Encyclopedia Judaica, 15:670)
- Carl Warburg, doctor of medicine and clinical pharmacologist.[6]
- Chaim Weizmann,[7] acetone production (First President of Israel)
Biologists
- Saul Adler (JYB 1960 p216)
- Ephraim Anderson [35], microbiologist
- Charlotte Auerbach (JYB 1977 p207)
- Dame Val Beral [36], breast cancer researcher
- Walter Bodmer [37], geneticist
- Gustav Victor Rudolf Born [38], Professor of Pharmacology
- Sydney Brenner [39], molecular biologist, Nobel Prize (2002)
- Leslie Brent: TimesAd
- Edith Bülbring,[8] pharmacologist (Jewish mother)
- Sir Ernst Chain [40], co-developer of penicillin, Nobel Prize (1945)
- Sir Philip Cohen [41], biologist
- Sydney Cohen, pathologist (JYB 2005 p214, 230)
- Emanuel Mendes da Costa [42], 18th century botanist
- Raymond Dwek, biologist (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Michael Epstein, co-discoverer of the Epstein-Barr virus (JYB 2005 p214)
- Wilhelm Feldberg (JYB 1977 p207) pharmacologist
- Sir Alan Fersht [43], protein folding
- Sir Otto Frankel, geneticist[9]
- Ian Glynn (JYB 2005 p214)
- Professor Sir Abraham Goldberg, Regius Professor of Medicine, University of Glasgow and world authority on porphyria [10]
- Susan Greenfield, Baroness Greenfield [44], neuroscientist and writer (Jewish father)
- Hans Gruneberg (JYB 1967 p208) biologist
- Sir Ludwig Guttmann,[11] neurologist
- Sir Henry Harris (Encyclopedia Judaica 4:138)
- Philip D'Arcy Hart [45], medical researcher
- Sir Gabriel Horn (JYB 2005 p214)
- Alick Isaacs [46] [47], virologist, interferon
- David Ish-Horowicz, 2002 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Bernard Katz [48], biophysicist, Nobel Prize (1970)
- David Keilin [49], enzymologist
- Sir Hans Kornberg, 1965 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Hans Kosterlitz, pharmacologist [50]
- Sir Hans Adolf Krebs [51], biochemist, Nobel Prize (1953)
- Sir John Krebs,[12] zoologist
- Roland Levinsky,[13] biologist
- Michael Levitt [52]
- Hans Lissmann (JYB 1995 p193)
- Joel Mandelstam (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Michael Marmot, epidemiologist (JYB 2005 213)
- César Milstein [53], immunologist, Nobel Prize (1984)
- Leslie Orgel [54], evolutionary biologist
- Guido Pontecorvo, 1955 (JYB 1995 p193)
- Juda Quastel [55]
- Ivan Roitt, immunologist 1983 (JYB 2005 p214) (JYB 2000 p211)
- Steven Rose [56], biologist
- Sir Martin Roth, psychiatrist (JYB 2005 p214)
- Dame Miriam Louisa Rothschild [57], entomologist
- Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild 1953 (JYB 1990 p199,202,259)
- Oliver Sacks [58], neurologist and author
- Isaac de Sequeira Samuda [59] (first Jewish FRS; elected 1727)
- John Vane [60], pharmacologist, Nobel Prize (1982) (Jewish father)
- Lawrence Weiskrantz, psychologist (JYB 2005 p214)
- Peter David Jacob Weitzman, biochemist
- Robert Winston, Baron Winston [61], fertility expert and broadcaster
- Lewis Wolpert [62], developmental biologist and broadcaster
- John Yudkin, physiologist and nutritionist.
- Lord Solly Zuckerman, anatomist, evolutionist (JYB 1965 p214)
Mathematicians and statisticians
- Abraham Manie Adelstein,[14] statistician
- Hertha Ayrton,[14] mathematician and engineer
- Laurence Baxter, statistician[15]
- Abram Besicovitch [63], Russian-born British mathematician (karaite)
- Selig Brodetsky,[16] mathematician and President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews
- Jacob Bronowski [64], mathematician & broadcaster
- Paul Cohn, algebraist [17]
- H.E. Daniels,[14] statistician
- Philip Dawid [65], statistician
- Arthur Erdelyi,[18] mathematician
- John Fox, statistician
- Albrecht Frohlich [66]
- David Glass,[19] demographer
- Sir Samuel Goldman,[20] British Government statistician
- Sydney Goldstein [67], expert on fluid mechanics
- Benjamin Gompertz [68], mathematician
- Eugene Grebenik [69], demographer
- Steven Haberman [70], professor of actuarial science
- John Hajnal, demographer (JYB 2005 p215)
- Hans Heilbronn (JYB 1977, p207)
- Marie Jahoda [71], psychologist
- Thomas Körner, mathematician [21]
- Ruth Lawrence [72], mathematician & child prodigy
- Leone Levi [73], statistician
- Kurt Mahler, mathematician (JYB 2005 p214)
- Sir Claus Moser [74], statistician
- Louis Mordell [75], number theorist
- Bernhard Neumann, 1959 (JYB 2005 p214)
- Richard Rado [76], mathematician
- Klaus Roth [77], mathematician, Fields Medal (1958)
- Bernard Silverman, statistician [78]
- David Spiegelhalter, statistician (JYB 2007 p. 198)
- James Joseph Sylvester [79], mathematician
Computer scientists
- Samson Abramsky, computer scientist (JYB 2007 p. 198)
- David Deutsch [80], quantum computing pioneer
- I.J. Good [81], cryptographer, philosopher of statistics & computing pioneer
- David Levy [82], computer chess expert
- Leo Marks [83], cryptographer & screenwriter
- Max Newman [84], mathematician & computing pioneer (Jewish father)
- Gordon Plotkin [85], computer scientist
- Leslie Valiant [86], computer scientist parallel computation
Economists
- Lord Bauer [87], economist
- Samuel Brittan, economist
- Charles Goodhart,[22] Bank of England economist
- Noreena Hertz [88], economist & activist
- Richard Kahn, Baron Kahn [89], economist: multiplier
- Nicholas Kaldor [90], economist
- Michael Kidron, South African born Marxist economist, writer, cartographer and publisher.
- Israel Kirzner [91], economist (UK-born)
- Ludwig Lachmann, economist[23]
- Harold Laski, economist (The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, ed Geoffrey Wigoder, 5th ed 1977, pp. 1182–3)
- Alexander Nove, economist (JYB 1990 p202)
- Sigbert Prais, economist (JYB 2005 p215)
- David Ricardo [92], economist (converted to Quakerism)
- Arthur Seldon [93], economist
- Sir Hans Singer, economist; The Economist, 11 March 2006 p95: "born a Jew"
- Piero Sraffa [94], economist
- Basil Yamey, economist (JYB 2005 p215,315)
- Lord Nicholas Stern, economist (JYB 2005 p215,315)
Social scientists
- Roy Clive Abraham,[24] linguist
- Michael Balint [95], psychoanalyst (converted to Unitarianism)
- Zygmunt Bauman [96], sociologist
- Basil Bernstein [97], linguist
- Vernon Bogdanor, professor of politics (JYB 2005 pp215,223)
- Georgina Born, anthropologist (daughter of Gustav Victor Rudolf Born)
- Gerald Cohen, Professor of Social and Political Theory (JYB 2005 p215)
- Norbert Elias,[25] sociologist
- Herman Finer,[26] political scientist
- Samuel Finer,[27] political scientist
- Sir Moses I. Finley,[28] historian and sociologist
- Meyer Fortes, anthropologist (JYB 1980 p183)
- Eduard Fraenkel, philologist [29]
- Anna Freud [98], child psychoanalyst
- Norman Geras [99], professor of Government
- "You are a Jewish, Zimbabwean, Mancunian philosopher... I have lived in Manchester more than half my life and am very much at home here."
- Morris Ginsberg [100]
- Max Gluckman, anthropologist (JYB 1975 p213)
- Theodor Goldstücker,[30] orientalist
- Jean Gottmann,[31] professor of geography, Oxford University
- Julius Gould, sociologist (JYB 2005 p249)
- Paul Hirst [101], social theorist (Jewish mother)
- Marie Jahoda [102], psychology of discrimination
- Melanie Klein [103], child psychoanalyst
- Paul Klemperer, economist
- Geoffrey Lewis Lewis, professor of Turkish (JYB 2005 p215)
- Steven Lukes, political scientist (JYB 2005 p215)
- Ashley Montagu [104], anthropologist & humanist
- Nikolas Rose, Martin White Professor Sociology, LSE.
- Isaac Schapera, anthropologist (JYB 2005 p215)
- Edward Ullendorff, linguist (JYB 2005 p215)
See also
Footnotes
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, art. Alfonsi, Petrus
- ↑ Fred Pruyn, Infinite Potential: The Life and Times of David Bohm, on theosophy-nw.org. Accessed 13 April 2006.
- ↑ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents in Vienna"
- ↑ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Linz, Austria, of Jewish parents"
- ↑ [1]: "Birthplace: Karlsbad, Czechoslovakia ... Religion: Jewish" accessed 8 Feb 2007
- ↑ Friedenwald, H. (1946), Jewish Luminaries in Medical History
- ↑ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "naturalised British subject, 1910"; [2]
- ↑ From web site of Amnesty: "Professor Edith Bulbring Born in Germany 1903, Jewish mother". Accessed 6 March 2007.
- ↑ Interview by Australian Academy of Sciences: "An Austrian Jew's entry into the British Empire"; accessed 11 November 2006.
- ↑ Jewish Chronicle Obituary, 25 October 2007
- ↑ Paralympics on Thinkquest.org refers to "Ludwig Guttman, a Jewish neurologist and refugee from Nazi Germany". Accessed 16 April 2006.
- ↑ Jewish Chronicle, 8 January 1999, p.6: "Three Jewish knights feature among the New Year honours: ... Nichola Serota ... John Krebs ... Victor Blank."
- ↑ "Driving force of city university's growth": Western Daily Press 19 July 2006: "the family is Jewish".
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 article in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ↑ Death notices in Jewish Chronicle, 15 November 1996 p 31; confirms Sidney Hart was his uncle
- ↑ [3]: "These include the papers of Anglo-Jewish leaders, such as Selig Brodetsky"
- ↑ Obituary in The Times "he was born in Hamburg in 1924 to Jewish parents" Accessed 9 July 2008.
- ↑ Jewish: [4]; British: Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "became naturalised British citizen, 1947"
- ↑ Obituary, Jewish Chronicle, 6 Oct. 1978, p.32
- ↑ Obituary in LSE Magazine, Vol 19 no.2 Winter 2007, p.45
- ↑ Two Jewish parents: Stephan Körner (JYB 2005 p215) and Edith Körner
- ↑ Flade, Roland. The Lehmans: From Rimpar to the New World: A Family History, 2nd Enlarged Ed., 1999; reviewed by the American Jewish Historical Society. Accessed 14 Nov 2006.
- ↑ Hayek's Challenge: An Intellectual Biography of F. A. Hayek - Pg 145
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "Elias, as a Jew, sought refuge first in Paris (1933–5), and then in London (from 1935), eventually becoming a British citizen in 1952"
- ↑ [5] "Mr. Herman Finer, an Englishman, Jewish"
- ↑ Jewish Chronicle obituary, 25 June 1993, p.15
- ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd ed.
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "An unbaptized Jew"
- ↑ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "of Jewish parentage"
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the only child of prosperous Jewish parents"
References
- JYB = Jewish Year Book
- TimesAd: The Times, 6/7/06 p34: "A Call by Jews in Britain" (advert signed by 300 British Jews)