Otto Westphalen
Otto Westphalen
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File:Otto Westphalen.jpg | |
Born | Hamburg |
12 March 1920
Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Hamburg |
Allegiance | Nazi Germany |
Service/ |
Kriegsmarine |
Years of service | 1938–45 |
Rank | Oberleutnant zur See |
Unit | 21st U-boat Flotilla 13th U-boat Flotilla |
Commands held | U-121 (16 May 1942 – 8 February 1943) U-968 (18 March 1943 – 8 May 1945) |
Battles/wars | World War II |
Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
Otto Westphalen (12 March 1920 in Hamburg – 9 January 2008) was a German U-boat commander in World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes). The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
Contents
Career
Westphalen joined the Kriegsmarine in October 1938, and took part in the invasion of Poland aboard the battleship Schlesien a year later. He then served on the torpedo boat Kondor for six months before joining the U-boat force in October 1940.[1]
He sailed on four patrols as watch officer of U-566 in 1941, and in May 1942 took command of the school boat U-121. In March 1943 he commissioned the Type VIIC U-boat U-968, and was attached to 13th U-boat Flotilla, based at Trondheim, Norway, for operations against convoys in the Arctic Sea.[1]
Westphalen sailed on seven combat patrols between March 1944 and May 1945, though all his victories were made in February and March 1945;[2] he sank three merchant ships, damaged another, and sank the British sloops HMS Lark and HMS Lapwing.[3] On 29 April 1945 he attacked but missed HMS Goodall which was sunk an hour later by U-286.
In January 1944 Westphalen served on the military court which sentenced Oskar Kusch, the commander of U-154, to death on charges of "defeatism".[4]
Westphalen surrendered in May 1945 in Narvik.[1]
Summary of career
Ships attacked
Date | Ship | Tons | Nationality | Convoy | Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
14 February 1945 | Horace Gray | 7,200 | United States | BK-3 | Total loss |
14 February 1945 | Norfjell | 8,129 | Norway | BK-3 | Damaged |
17 February 1945 | HMS Lark | 1,350 | Royal Navy | RA-64 | Total loss |
17 February 1945 | Thomas Scott | 7,176 | United States | RA-64 | Sunk |
20 March 1945 | HMS Lapwing | 1,350 | Royal Navy | JW-65 | Sunk |
20 March 1945 | Thomas Donaldson | 7,210 | United States | JW-65 | Sunk |
Awards
- U-boat War Badge (1939) (8 October 1941)[5]
- Iron Cross (1939)
- German Cross in Gold on 18 February 1945 as Oberleutnant zur See on U-968/13th U-boat Flotilla[6]
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 23 March 1945 as Oberleutnant zur See and commander of U-968[7]
- Mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht on 24 March 1945
Wehrmachtbericht reference
Date | Original German Wehrmachtbericht wording | Direct English translation |
---|---|---|
24 March 1945 (addendum) | Bei dem im Wehrmachtbericht vom 23. März gemeldeten erfolgreichen Angriff auf einen nach Murmansk laufenden Nachschubgeleitzug zeichnete sich die Besatzung des unter Führung von Oberleutnant zur See Westphalen stehenden Unterseebootes besonders aus.[8] | In the 23 March Wehrmacht communique reported successful attack on an replenishment convoy to Murmansk, the submarine crew under the command of First Lieutenant at Sea Westphalen particularly distinguished themselves. |
References
- Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Busch & Röll 2003, p. 507.
- ↑ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 509.
- ↑ Scherzer 2007, p. 782.
- ↑ Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 3, p. 576.
- Bibliography
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External links
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