Physalis alkekengi
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| Physalis alkekengi | |
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| File:PhysalisAlkekengi-balloon.jpg | |
| Physalis alkekengi fruit with the red husk | |
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P. alkekengi
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| Physalis alkekengi |
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Physalis alkekengi (bladder cherry, Chinese lantern,[2] Japanese-lantern,[3] strawberry groundcherry,[4] or winter cherry;[2] Japanese: hōzuki) is a relative of P. peruviana (Cape gooseberry), easily identifiable by the larger, bright orange to red papery covering over its fruit, which resemble paper lanterns. It is native from southern Europe east across southern Asia to Japan. It is an herbaceous perennial plant growing to 40–60 cm tall, with spirally arranged leaves 6–12 cm long and 4–9 cm broad. The flowers are white, with a five-lobed corolla 10–15 mm across, with an inflated basal calyx which matures into the papery orange fruit covering, 4–5 cm long and broad.
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Cultivation
It is a popular ornamental plant, though it can be invasive with its wide-spreading root system sending up new shoots some distance from where it was originally planted. In various places around the world, it has escaped cultivation.[5] It has food and medicinal uses.[5][6]
Traditional uses
The dried fruit of P. alkekengi is called the golden flower in the Unani system of medicine, and used as a diuretic, antiseptic, liver corrective, and sedative.[7]
Chemical constituents
Like a number of other species in the genus Physalis, it contains a wide variety of physalins.[8][9][10] When isolated from the plant, these have antibacterial[11] and leishmanicidal[12][13] activities in vitro.
It also contains caffeic acid ethyl ester, 25,27-dehydro-physalin L, physalin D, and cuneataside E.[14]
Cultural significance
In Japan, its seeds are used as part of the Bon Festival as offerings to guide the souls of the deceased. Also, an annual market is dedicated to the flower called hōzuki-ichi which occurs in Asakusa around Sensō-ji every year on July 9 and 10.
References
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- ↑ The Plant List
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- ↑ Rasheed N.M.A., Shareef M.A., Ahmad M., Gupta V.C., Arfin S., Shamshad A.K "HPTLC finger print profile of dried fruit of Physalis alkekengi Linn." . Pharmacognosy Journal 2010 2:12 (464-469)
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- ↑ leishmanicidal Archived May 15, 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Choudhary M.I., Yousaf S., Ahmed S., Samreen , Yasmeen K., Atta-ur-Rahmang "Antileishmanial physalins from Physalis minima" Chemistry and Biodiversity 2005 2:9 (1164-1173)
- ↑ YUAN Ye,XU Nan,BU Xian-kun,ZHAN Hong-li,ZHANG Meng-meng Chemical constituents of Physalis alkekengivar. franchetii(Ⅱ) "Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs" http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZCYO201012005.htm (Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dalian 116600,China)
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