Soyuz-M

This article is about the Soyuz-M rocket. For other Soyuz variants, see Soyuz (rocket family).

Soyuz-M

Function	Carrier rocket
Manufacturer	OKB-1
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Size
Height	50 metres (160 ft)
Diameter	10.3 metres (34 ft)
Mass	300,000 kilograms (660,000 lb)
Stages	Two
Capacity
Associated rockets
Family	R-7 (Soyuz)
Launch history
Status	Retired
Launch sites	Plesetsk Sites 41/1 & 43/4
Total launches	8
Successes	8
First flight	27 December 1971
Last flight	31 March 1976
Notable payloads	Zenit-4MT

The Soyuz-M (Russian: Союз, meaning "Union"), GRAU index 11A511M was a Soviet expendable carrier rocket designed by OKB-1 and manufactured by State Aviation Plant No. 1 in Samara, Russia. It was originally built to launch manned Soyuz 7K-VI spacecraft for the Soviet armed forces. Following the cancellation of this programme, development of the rocket continued for the Soyuz 7K-S spacecraft. After this too was cancelled, Soyuz-M development was also abandoned, and the rockets that had been completed were used to launch reconnaissance satellites.

While the exact details of the Soyuz-M are not known, it is believed to be a two-stage rocket, derived from the Soyuz. It may have been similar to the later Soyuz-U. Following the cancellation of the Soyuz 7K-S, eight were launched with Zenit-4MT spacecraft. The first of these launches occurred on 27 December 1971, and the last on 31 March 1976. All launches occurred from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome, six from pad 41/1 and two from pad 43/4.