Steel casting

Steel casting is a specialized form of casting involving various types of steel. Steel castings are used when cast irons cannot deliver enough strength or shock resistance.

Examples of items that are steel castings include: hydroelectric turbine wheels, forging presses, gears, railroad truck frames, valve bodies, pump casings, mining machinery, marine equipment, Turbocharger Turbines and engine cylinder blocks.

Steel castings are categorized into two general groups: carbon steels and alloy steels.

Steel casting alloys

Alloy steel castings are broken down into two categories: low-alloy steels and high-alloy steels. Low-alloy steels contain less than 8% alloying content and high-alloy steels have 8% or more.

This is a table of some steel casting alloys:

Heat resistant steel castings per ASTM A297-1981

Grade	Nominal alloy composition [%wt]	Tensile strength, minimum		0.2% Yield strength, minimum		% Elongation in 2 in., minimum
		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa
HC	28 Cr	55	380	-	-	-
HD	28 Cr, 5 Ni	75	515	35	240	8
HF	19 Cr, 9 Ni	70	485	35	240	25
HH	25 Cr, 12 Ni	75	515	35	240	10
HI	28 Cr, 15 Ni	70	485	35	240	10
HK	25 Cr, 20 Ni	65	450	35	240	10
HL	29 Cr, 20 Ni	65	450	35	240	10
HN	20 Cr, 25 Ni	63	435	-	-	8
HP	26 Cr, 35 Ni	62.5	430	34	235	4.5
HT	15 Cr, 35 Ni	65	450	-	-	4
HU	19 Cr, 39 Ni	65	450	-	-	4
HW	12 Cr, 60 Ni	60	415	-	-	-
HX	17 Cr, 66 Ni	60	415	-	-	-

Corrosion resistant steel castings per ASTM A743-1981a

Grade	Nominal alloy composition [%wt]	Tensile strength, minimum		0.2% Yield strength, minimum		% Elongation in 2 in., minimum
		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa
CF-8	9 Cr, 9 Ni	70	485	30	205	35
CG-12	22 Cr, 12 Ni	70	485	28	195	35
CF-20	19 Cr, 9 Ni	70	485	30	205	30
CF-8M	19 Cr, 10 Ni, with Mo	70	485	30	205	30
CF-8C	19 Cr, 10 Ni, with Nb	70	485	30	205	30
CF-16 & CF-16Fa	19 Cr, 9 Ni, free machining	70	485	30	205	25
CH-10 & CH-20	25 Cr, 12 Ni	70	485	30	205	30
CK-20	25 Cr, 20 Ni	65	450	28	195	30
CE-30	29 Cr, 9 Ni	80	550	40	275	10
CA-15 & CA-15M	12 Cr	90	620	65	450	18
CB-30	20 Cr	65	450	30	205	-
CC-50	28 Cr	55	380	-	-	-
CA-40	12 Cr	100	690	70	485	15
CF-3	19 Cr, 9 Ni	70	485	30	205	35
CF-3M	19 Cr, 10 Ni, with Mo	70	485	30	205	30
CG6MMN	Cr-Ni-Mn-Mo	75	515	35	240	30
CG-8M	19 Cr, 11 Ni, with Mo	75	520	35	240	25
CN-7M	20 Cr, 29 Ni, with Co & Mo	62	425	25	170	35
CN-7MS	19 Cr, 24 Ni, with Co & Mo	70	485	30	205	35
CW-12M	Ni, Mo & Cr	72	495	46	315	4
CY-40	Ni, Cr & Fe	70	485	28	195	30
CA-6NM	12 Cr, 4 Ni	110	775	80	550	15
CD-4MCu	25 Cr, 5 Ni, 3 Cu, 2 Mo	100	690	70	485	16
CA-6N	11 Cr, 7 Ni	140	965	135	930	15

References

Bibliography

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