Syzygium

Syzygium
Syzygium malaccense
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Myrtales
Family:	Myrtaceae
Subfamily:	Myrtoideae
Tribe:	Syzygieae
Genus:	Syzygium R.Br. ex Gaertn.
Species
About 1100; see text
Synonyms
List Acicalyptus A.Gray Acmena DC. Acmenosperma Kausel Anetholea Peter G.Wilson Aphanomyrtus Miq. Bostrychode (Miq.) O.Berg in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.) Caryophyllus L. Cerocarpus Colebr. ex Hassk. Cetra Noronha Clavimyrtus Blume Cleistocalyx Blume Cupheanthus Seem. Gaslondia Vieill. Gelpkea Blume Jambolifera Houtt. Jambos Adans. Jambosa DC. nom. illeg. Leptomyrtus (Miq.) O.Berg in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.) Lomastelma Raf. Macromyrtus Miq. Macropsidium Blume Malidra Raf. Microjambosa Blume Myrthoides Wolf Opa Lour. Pareugenia Turrill Pseudoeugenia Scort. Strongylocalyx Blume Syllisium Endl. Syllysium Meyen & Schauer Tetraeugenia Merr. Waterhousea B.Hyland Xenodendron K.Schum. & Lauterb.

Syzygium paniculatum (Magenta lilly pilly)

Syzygium samarangense, with a cross section of the fruit

A cultivated white Syzygium

Syzygium is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. The genus comprises about 1200 - 1800 species, and has a native range that extends from Africa and Madagascar through southern Asia east through the Pacific. Its highest levels of diversity occur from Malaysia to northeastern Australia, where many species are very poorly known and many more have not been described taxonomically.

Most species are evergreen trees and shrubs. Several species are grown as ornamental plants for their attractive glossy foliage, and a few produce edible fruit that are eaten fresh or used in jams and jellies. The most economically important species, however, is the clove Syzygium aromaticum, of which the unopened flower buds are an important spice. Some of the edible species of Syzygium are planted throughout the tropics worldwide, and several have become invasive species in some island ecosystems. Several species of Syzygium bear fruit that are edible for humans, many of which are named "roseapple". Fifty-two species are found in Australia and are generally known as lillipillies, brush cherries or satinash.

At times Syzygium was confused taxonomically with the genus Eugenia (ca. 1000 species), but the latter genus has its highest specific diversity in the neotropics. Many species formerly classed as Eugenia are now included in the genus Syzygium, although the former name may persist in horticulture. The Syzygium Working Group, an international group of researchers, formed in April 2016 with the aim to produce a monograph of Syzygium.

Selected species

An Australian rainforest Syzygium exhibits cauliflory

Syzygium cumini in Kohat Pakistan

Species include:

• Syzygium alliiligneum – Onionwood (Queensland)
• Syzygium amplifolium
• Syzygium andamanicum
• Syzygium anisatum
• Syzygium anisosepalum
• Syzygium antisepticum – Shore Eugenia
• Syzygium aqueum – Water Apple, Bell fruit, Water cherry, Watery rose apple
• Syzygium aromaticum – Clove
• Syzygium australe – Brush cherry (Australia)
• Syzygium beddomei
• Syzygium bourdillonii
• Syzygium canicortex – Yellow Satinash (Queensland)
• Syzygium caryophyllatum (type species)
• Syzygium chavaran
• Syzygium conglomeratum
• Syzygium cordatum – Hute, Waterbessie, umdoni, water berry, umSwi
• Syzygium cordifolium
• Syzygium cormiflorum – Bumpy Satinash
• Syzygium corynanthum – Sour cherry
• Syzygium corynocarpa (A.Gray) C.Muell.
• Syzygium courtallense
• Syzygium crebrinerve – Purple cherry, Black water gum
• Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels – Jambul, Jambolan, Black plum, Damson plum, Duhat plum, Jambolan plum, Portuguese plum
• Syzygium curranii – Lipote
• Syzygium densiflorum
• Syzygium diffusum
• Syzygium discophorum
• Syzygium duthieanum
• Syzygium dyerianum
• Syzygium erythrocalyx – Johnstones River Satinash, Red Bud Satinash
• Syzygium fergusonii
• Syzygium fibrosum – Fibrous Satinash
• Syzygium fijiense
• Syzygium flosculiferum
• Syzygium forte – White Apple
• Syzygium francisii – Giant water gum, Rose Satinash
• Syzygium fullagarii (Lord Howe Island)
• Syzygium glaucum
• Syzygium gracilipes
• Syzygium graeme-andersoniae
• Syzygium grande – Sea Apple
• Syzygium guehoi
• Syzygium gustavioides – Grey Satinash
• Syzygium guineense – Waterberry
• Syzygium hodgkinsoniae – Red lilly pilly, Smooth-barked Rose Apple (Australia)
• Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston – Roseapple, Malabar plum, Plum rose, Rose apple, Water apple
• Syzygium jasminifolium
• Syzygium kemamanense
• Syzygium kiahii
• Syzygium koordersianum
• Syzygium kuranda – Kuranda Satinash
• Syzygium leucoxylon
• Syzygium luehmannii – Riberry, Cherry Satinash
• Syzygium maire
• Syzygium makul
• Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry – Malay Apple, Malacca apple, Malay rose apple, Mountain apple, Otaheite cashew, Rose apple, Water apple
• Syzygium manii
• Syzygium maingayi
• Syzygium megacarpum
• Syzygium micranthum
• Syzygium microphyllum (Syzygium gambleanum is an illegitimate synonym)
• Syzygium minus
• Syzygium moorei – Coolamon, Durobby
• Syzygium myhendrae
• Syzygium neesianum
• Syzygium nemestrinum
• Syzygium nervosum
• Syzygium occidentale
• Syzygium oleosum – Blue Lilly Pilly
• Syzygium oliganthum
• Syzygium oreophilum
• Syzygium palghatense
• Syzygium paniculatum – Magenta lillypilly, Magenta Cherry (Australia)
• Syzygium parameswaranii
• Syzygium patentinerve (endemic to Savai'i & Upolu islands in Samoa)
• Syzygium papyraceum – Paperbark Satinash (Australia)
• Syzygium pauper
• Syzygium pendens
• Syzygium perakense
• Syzygium pergamentaceum
• Syzygium phaeophyllum
• Syzygium politum
• Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. – Indian bay leaf, Indonesian bay leaf, Salam leaf, daun salam, Indonesian laurel
• Syzygium pondoense
• Syzygium praineanum
• Syzygium pseudofastigiatum (Australia)
• Syzygium purpureum
• Syzygium quadrangulatum (A.Gray) Merr. & L.M.Perry
• Syzygium quadribracteatum
• Syzygium ramavarmae
• Syzygium revolutum
• Syzygium richii (A.Gray) Merr. & L.M.Perry
• Syzygium ridleyi
• Syzygium rotundifolium
• Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L. M. Perry – Java Apple, Makopa, Java rose apple, Samarang rose apple, Water apple, Wax jambu, Wax apple
• Syzygium sandwicensis (A.Gray) Nied. – ʻŌhiʻa ha
• Syzygium scortechinii
• Syzygium seemannianum
• Syzygium seemannii (A.Gray) Biffin & Craven
• Syzygium smithii
• Syzygium spathulatum
• Syzygium stapfianum
• Syzygium stocksii
• Syzygium suborbiculare – Lady Apple
• Syzygium symingtonianum
• Syzygium syzygioides (Miq.) Merr. & L.M.Perry
• Syzygium tahanense
• Syzygium tierneyanum – Bamaga Satinash
• Syzygium travancoricum
• Syzygium turbinatum
• Syzygium umbrosum
• Syzygium utilis
• Syzygium variolosum
• Syzygium wilsonii
• Syzygium wolfii
• Syzygium wrayi
• Syzygium wrightii
• Syzygium xerampelinum (Australia)
• Syzygium zeylanicum – Smaich (Cambodia)

Formerly placed in this genus

• Waterhousea floribunda (F.Muell.) B.Hyland (as S. floribundum F.Muell.)

External links

• Data related to Syzygium at Wikispecies
• CRFG.org
• Unimelb.edu.au