Timeline of Baghdad
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Baghdad, Iraq.
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This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 16th century
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- Babylonian city of Baghdadu in existence.[1]
- 762 CE
- Round City construction begins per Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur.[2][3]
- Al-Khassakiyya mosque built.[4]
- 767 – Al-Mansur Mosque built.[4]
- 775 – Bab al-Taq (gate) built.[5]
- 786 – Harun al-Rashid in power.[6]
- 794 – Paper mill in operation.[6][7]
- 799 – Mashhad al-Kazimiyya built.[4]
- 812-813 Siege of Baghdad , Fourth Fitna (Islamic Civil War)
- 814 – City captured by al-Ma'mun.[6]
- 827 – Tomb of Zobeide built.[8]
- 836 – Abbasid Caliphate of Al-Mu'tasim relocated from Baghdad to Samarra.[9]
- 850 – Book of Ingenious Devices published.[10]
- 855 – Funeral of Ahmad ibn Hanbal.[11]
- 861 – 11 December: Caliph Al-Mutawakkil assassinated.[6]
- 865 – City wall built.[12]
- 865-866 Caliphal Civil War, was an armed conflict during the "Anarchy at Samarra" between the rival caliphs al-Musta'in and al-Mu'tazz.
- 892 – Abbasid Caliphate of Al-Mu'tamid relocated to Baghdad from Samarra.[9]
- 901 – Jami al-Qasr (mosque) built.[13]
- 908 – Khulafa Mosque built.[4]
- 946 – Battle of Baghdad; Shia Buyids in power.[9]
- 993 – Dar al-'Ilm (educational institution) founded.[14]
- 1055 – Seljuq Nizam al-Mulk in power.[6]
- 1157 - Siege of Baghdad, Abbasid–Seljuq Wars
- 1060 – Dar al-Kutub (library) founded.[14]
- 1066 – Abu Hanifa Mosque restored.[citation needed]
- 1067 – Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad (college) established.[9][15]
- 1095 – City wall rebuilt.[12]
- 1180 – Caliph Al-Nasir in power.
- 1193 – Jami' Zumurrud Khatun (mosque) and Turbat Zumurrud Khatun (tomb) built.[4]
- 1202 – Minaret of Jami' al-Khaffafin built (approximate date).[4]
- 1215 – Tomb of Maruf el-Kerkhi built.[8]
- 1221 – Bab al-Talsim (Talisman gate) built.[4]
- 1226 - al-Baghdadi compiles ar (cookbook).
- 1228 – Jami' al-Qumriyya Mosque built.[4]
- 1230 – Al-Qasr al-Abbasi fi al-Qal'a built (approximate date).[4]
- 1232 – Mustansiriya Madrasah established.[4][13]
- 1252 – Shrine of Abdul-Kadir built.[8]
- 1258 – January–February: City destroyed by forces of Mongol Hulagu Khan during the Siege of Baghdad; most of population killed.[9]
- 1272 – Marco Polo visits city (approximate date).[9]
- 1326 – Ibn Battuta visits city.[16]
- 1357 – Al-Madrasah al-Mirjaniyya built.[4]
- 1358 – Khan al-Mirjan built.[4]
- 1393 – City captured by Timur.[9]
- 1401 – City captured by Timur again.[9]
- 1405 – Sultan Ahmed Jalayir in power.[9]
- 1417 – City taken by Qara Yusuf.[8]
- 1468 – Aq Qoyunlu in power.[6]
16th–19th centuries
- 1508 - City taken by Persian Ismail I.[17]
- 1534
- Capture of Baghdad by Ottomans.[9]
- Jami' Abd al-Qadir al-Jaylani built.[4]
- 1535 – City becomes capital of the Baghdad Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.
- 1544 – City taken by forces of Suleiman I.[8]
- 1578 – Jami' Murad Basha built.[4]
- 1601 – Coffeehouse built.[18]
- 1602 – City taken by forces of Abbas I of Persia.[8]
- 1623 – 23 January: Capture of Baghdad by Safavids.[9]
- 1625 - Siege of Baghdad, Ottoman–Safavid Wars
- 1638 – Capture of Baghdad by forces of Ottoman Murad IV.[19]
- 1682 – Khaseki mosque built.[1]
- 1683 – City besieged.[9]
- 1780 – Mamluk Sulayman Pasha the Great in power.[9]
- 1795 – Jami al-Maydan built.[4]
- 1799 – City besieged by Wahhabi-Saudi forces.[9]
- 1816 – Mamluk Dawud Pasha in power.[9]
- 1823 – Population: 80,000 (estimate).[20]
- 1826 – Jami' Haydar Khanah built.[4]
- 1830
- British East Indian Company in residence (approximate date).[9]
- Plague.[21]
- 1831 – Flood, then famine.[9]
- 1841 – Lynch Brothers in business.[22]
- 1848 – Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baghdad established.
- 1849 – Remnants discovered of quay of Nebuchadrezzar, from Babylonian city of Baghdadu.[1]
- 1861 – Istanbul-Baghdad telegraph line installed.[23]
- 1865
- Basrah-Baghdad telegraph line installed.[23]
- Alliance Israélite boys' school established.[1]
- 1869 – Midhat Pasha in power.[9]
- 1870
- 1871 – Population: 65,000.[21]
- 1880 – Turkish camel post begins operating (approximate date).[1]
- 1895 – Population: 100,000 (estimate).[8]
- 1899 – Alliance Israélite girls' school established.[1]
20th century
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1900s–1940s
- 1908 – Population: 140,000 (estimate).[24]
- 1909 – Cinema built.[25]
- 1911 – Ottoman XIII Corps headquartered in Baghdad.
- 1912 – Population: 200,000 (estimate).[26]
- 1914 – October: Samarra-Baghdad railway begins operating.[9]
- 1915
- Istanbul-Baghdad railway begins operating.[6]
- Al Rasheed Street laid out.[6]
- Cholera epidemic.[9]
- 1917
- March: Fall of Baghdad (1917); British in power.[27][28]
- Cinema opens.[9]
- 1919 – Guardians of Independence organized.
- 1920
- City becomes capital of the British Mandate of Iraq.
- Iraqi revolt against the British.
- Maktabat al-Salam (library) established.
- 1926 – Baghdad Antiquities Museum founded.
- 1927 – British Imperial Airways begins operating Cairo-Baghdad-Basrah flights.[9]
- 1929 – Al-Maktabatil Aammah (public library) active.
- 1931 – Strike.[29]
- 1936 – Military coup.[9]
- 1940 – Iraqi Music Institute inaugurated.[30]
- 1941 - Iraqi coup d'état in Baghdad, World War II
- 1941
- May: Anglo-Iraqi War.[31]
- June: Farhud (pogrom against Jews).
- 1944 – Baghdad Symphony Orchestra founded.
- 1946 – Al-Sarafiya bridge built.
- 1948
1950s–1990s
- 1952
- 1953 – Baghdad Central Station built.
- 1956
- Samarra Barrage constructed on the Tigris River near the city.[32]
- May: Government television begins broadcasting.[33]
- Uprising.[34]
- Iraqi Artists Society formed.[35]
- 1957
- University of Baghdad established.
- Demonstration.[34]
- 1958
- 14 July: Iraqi coup d'état against king Faisal II at Royal Palace.[34]
- City becomes capital of the Republic of Iraq.
- 1959
- Revolution City built.
- Al-Mabda' newspaper begins publication.
- Unknown Soldier monument erected on Firdos Square.[32]
- 1961 – Iraq National Library and Archive established.
- 1963
- 8–10 February: Iraqi coup d'état.
- Khulafa Central Mosque built.
- Al-Mustansiriya University and Al-Rasheed Sport Club established.
- 1964 – Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital established.
- 1965 – Population: 1,745,000 (approximate).[36]
- 1966
- Film festival held at Al-Rashid Cinema.[37]
- Al-Shaab Stadium and Martyrs' Mosque built.[4]
- 1967 – Firqat Ittahaad al-Fannaaneed theatre group formed.[30]
- 1968 – National Theatre Company established.[30]
- 1971 – Baghdad Zoo opens.
- 1975 – Central Post Office built.[4]
- 1978 – November: Arab League summit.
- 1980
- Iran–Iraq War begins.
- Film school of the Institute of Fine Arts established.[37]
- 1981 – National Film Center and Saddam Hussein Gymnasium (now Baghdad Gymnasium) built.[4]
- 1982
- Saddam International Airport, Al Rasheed Hotel, Palestine Meridien Hotel, and Baghdad Conference Palace[4] built.
- Ishtar Sheraton Hotel opens.
- The Monument to the Unknown Soldier inaugurated.[32]
- 1983 – Al-Shaheed Monument built.[4]
- 1985
- 1988 – Saddam University established.
- 1989 – Victory Arch erected.[32]
- 1991
- Gulf War.
- 13 February: Amiriyah shelter bombing.
- 1993 – 26 June: Missile strikes by United States.
- 1994 – Baghdad Tower constructed.
21st century
2000s
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- 2002 – April: Statue of Saddam Hussein erected in Firdos Square.
- 2003
- 3–12 April: Battle of Baghdad; United States in power; Green Zone established.
- 9 April: Firdos Square statue destruction.
- 7 August: Jordanian embassy bombing.
- 19 August: Canal Hotel bombing.
- 27 October: Bombings.
- 2004
- 2 March: Ashura bombings.
- 29 May: Alaa al-Tamimi becomes mayor.[38]
- 25 August: Baghdad International Airport reverts to civilian control.
- 12 September: Haifa Street helicopter incident.
- 14 September: Bombing.
- 2005
- 8 August: Municipal coup d'état.[38]
- 31 August: 2005 Baghdad bridge stampede.
- Baghdad International Film Festival begins.[39]
- 2006
- 7 April: Buratha Mosque bombing.
- 1 July: Sadr City bombing.
- 9 July: Hay al Jihad massacre.
- 23 November: Sadr City bombings.
- 2007
- 16 January: Mustansiriya University bombings.
- 22 January: Bombings.
- 3 February: Market bombing.
- 14 February: Baghdad Security Plan effected.
- 18 February: Bombings.
- 5 March: Mutanabbi Street bombed.[40]
- 29 March: Bombings.
- April: Adhamiyah neighborhood Wall construction begins.[41]
- 26 July: Market bombing.
- 1 August: Bombings.
- 2008
- Baghdad Metro resumes operation.
- 6 March: Bombing.
- 17 June: Bombing.
- 2009
- 1 January: Control of Green Zone transferred from US to Iraq.
- Dismantling of war-time blast walls begins.[42]
- 19 August: Bombings.
2010s
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- 2010
- 17 August: Bombings.
- Baghdad FC Stadium opens.
- 2012
See also
- History of Baghdad
- List of Abbasid Caliphs
- Neighbourhoods of Baghdad
- List of mosques in Baghdad
- Administrative districts in Baghdad (formed in 2003)
- List of hospitals in Baghdad Governorate
- Other cities in Iraq
References
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- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24 9.25 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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Further reading
Published in the 17th–18th centuries
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Published in the 19th century
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Published in the 20th century
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- Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
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Published in the 21st century
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External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baghdad. |
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- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (includes photos of Baghdad)
- Europeana. Items related to Baghdad, various dates.
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