Tin telluride
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Tin telluride
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Identifiers | |
12040-02-7 | |
Jmol 3D model | Interactive image |
PubChem | 6432000 |
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Properties | |
SnTe | |
Molar mass | 246.31 g/mol |
Appearance | gray cubic crystals |
Density | 6.445 g/cm3 [2] |
Melting point | 790 °C (1,450 °F; 1,060 K) |
Band gap | 0.18 eV [3] |
Electron mobility | 500 cm2 V−1 s−1 |
Structure | |
Halite (cubic), cF8 | |
Fm3m, No. 225 | |
a = 0.63 nm
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Octahedral (Sn2+) Octahedral (Se2−) |
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Thermochemistry | |
185 J K−1 kg−1 | |
Vapor pressure | {{{value}}} |
Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Tin(II) oxide Tin(II) sulfide Tin selenide |
Other cations
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Carbon monotelluride Silicon monotelluride Germanium telluride Lead telluride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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verify (what is ?) | |
Infobox references | |
Tin telluride is a compound of tin and tellurium (SnTe); is a IV-VI narrow band gap semiconductor and has direct band gap of 0.18 eV. It is often alloyed with lead to make lead tin telluride, which is used as an infrared detector material.
Tin telluride normally forms p-type semiconductor (Extrinsic semiconductor) due to tin vacancies and is a low temperature superconductor.[4]
SnTe exists in 3 crystal phases. At Low temperatures, where the concentration of hole carriers is less than 1.5x1020 cm−3 , Tin Telluride exists in rhombohedral phase also known as α-SnTe. At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, Tin Telluride exists in NaCl-like cubic crystal phase, known as β-SnTe. While at 18 kbar pressure, β-SnTe transforms to γ-SnTe, orthorhombic phase, space group Pnma.[5] This phase change is characterized by 11 percent increase in density and 360 percent increase in resistance for γ-SnTe.[6]
Tin telluride is a thermoelectric material. Theoretical studies imply that the n-type performance may be particularly good.[7]
Thermal Properties
- Standard enthalpy of formation: - 14.6 ± 0.3 kcal/mole at 298 K
- Standard Enthalpy of sublimation: 52.1 ± 1.4 kcal/mole at 298 K
- Heat capacity: 12.1 + 2.1 x 10−3 T cal/deg
- Bond-dissociation energy for the reaction SnTe(g)-> Sn(g)+ Te(g) : 80.6 ± 1.5 kcal/mole at 298 K
- Entropy: 24.2±0.1 cal/mole.deg
- Enthalpy of Dimerization for the reaction Sn2Te2->2SnTe(g) :46.9 ± 6.0 kcal/mole [8]
Applications
Generally Pb is alloyed with SnTe in order to access interesting optical and electronic properties, In addition, as a result of Quantum confinement, the band gap of the SnTe increases beyond the bulk band gap, covering the mid-IR wavelength range. The alloyed material has been used in mid- IR photodetectors [9] and thermoelectric generator.[10]
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Beattie, A. G., J. Appl. Phys., 40, 4818–4821, 1969.
- ↑ O. Madelung, U. Rössler, M. Schulz; SpringerMaterials; sm_lbs_978-3-540-31360-1_859 (Springer-Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg, 1998), http://materials.springer.com/lb/docs/sm_lbs_978-3-540-31360-1_859;
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Kafalas, J. A.; Mariano, A. N., High-Pressure Phase Transition in Tin Telluride. Science 1964, 143 (3609), 952-952
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Colin, R.; Drowart, J., Thermodynamic study of tin selenide and tin telluride using a mass spectrometer. Transactions of the Faraday Society 1964, 60 (0), 673-683, DOI: 10.1039/TF9646000673.
- ↑ Lovett, D. R. Semimetals and narrow-bandgap semiconductors; Pion Limited: London, 1977; Chapter 7.
- ↑ Das, V. D.; Bahulayan, C., Variation of electrical transport properties and thermoelectric figure of merit with thickness in 1% excess Te-doped Pb 0.2 Sn 0.8 Te thin films. Semiconductor Science and Technology 1995, 10 (12), 1638.
External links
- Berlin thermophysical properties database
- Webelements page
- Landolt-Börnstein Substance/SnTe index
- Reflectivity of Tin Telluride in the Infrared
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