CCL5

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5
PDB rendering based on 1eqt.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1B3A, 1EQT, 1HRJ, 1RTN, 1RTO, 1U4L, 1U4M, 1U4P, 1U4R, 2L9H, 2VXW
Identifiers
Symbols	CCL5 ; D17S136E; RANTES; SCYA5; SIS-delta; SISd; TCP228; eoCP
External IDs	OMIM: 187011 MGI: 98262 HomoloGene: 2244 ChEMBL: 1275217 GeneCards: CCL5 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity • protein kinase activity • protein binding • chemokine activity • heparin binding • phospholipase activator activity • receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activator activity • CCR1 chemokine receptor binding • CCR4 chemokine receptor binding • CCR5 chemokine receptor binding • chemoattractant activity • chemokine receptor binding • protein homodimerization activity • protein self-association • chemokine receptor antagonist activity Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space • cytoplasm Biological process • MAPK cascade • dendritic cell chemotaxis • chronic inflammatory response • monocyte chemotaxis • regulation of chronic inflammatory response • calcium ion transport • cellular calcium ion homeostasis • exocytosis • chemotaxis • inflammatory response • leukocyte cell-cell adhesion • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • cell-cell signaling • aging • response to virus • response to toxic substance • response to salt stress • positive regulation of activation of JAK2 kinase activity • positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis • positive regulation of T cell chemotaxis • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling • response to activity • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration • dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process • positive regulation of cell migration • neutrophil chemotaxis • positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process • activation of phospholipase D activity • positive regulation of fever generation • lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway • response to insulin • positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin • positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion • positive regulation of T cell proliferation • neutrophil activation • positive regulation of phosphorylation • response to drug • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein • protein kinase B signaling • positive regulation of GTPase activity • cellular protein complex assembly • response to estrogen • negative regulation by host of viral transcription • cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus • positive regulation of viral genome replication • negative regulation of viral genome replication • positive regulation of innate immune response • positive regulation of neuron differentiation • positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation • negative regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway • positive regulation of angiogenesis • positive regulation of cell adhesion • positive regulation of translational initiation • positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade • eosinophil chemotaxis • macrophage chemotaxis • lymphocyte chemotaxis • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation • positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation • positive regulation of inflammatory response • regulation of insulin secretion • regulation of T cell activation • positive chemotaxis • protein tetramerization • response to glucocorticoid • positive regulation of calcium ion transport • positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis • positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity • chemokine-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of chemokine-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of T cell apoptotic process • positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • response to cholesterol • cellular response to amino acid stimulus • cellular response to vitamin K • cellular response to morphine • cellular response to interferon-gamma • cellular response to interleukin-1 • cellular response to tumor necrosis factor • cellular response to ethanol • cellular response to high density lipoprotein particle stimulus • cellular response to organic cyclic compound • cellular response to alkyl hydroperoxide • cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus • positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis • regulation of neuron death • negative regulation of neuron death • negative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process • positive regulation of T cell migration • positive regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6352	20304
Ensembl	ENSG00000271503	ENSMUSG00000035042
UniProt	P13501	P30882
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001278736	NM_013653
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001265665	NP_038681
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 35.87 – 35.88 Mb	Chr 11: 83.53 – 83.53 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (also CCL5) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL5 gene. It is also known as RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted).

Function

CCL5 is an 8kDa protein classified as a chemotactic cytokine or chemokine. CCL5 is chemotactic for T cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and plays an active role in recruiting leukocytes into inflammatory sites. With the help of particular cytokines (i.e., IL-2 and IFN-γ) that are released by T cells, CCL5 also induces the proliferation and activation of certain natural-killer (NK) cells to form CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer) cells. It is also an HIV-suppressive factor released from CD8+ T cells. This chemokine has been localized to chromosome 17 in humans.

RANTES was first identified in a search for genes expressed "late" (3–5 days) after T cell activation. It was subsequently determined to be a CC chemokine and expressed in more than 100 human diseases. RANTES expression is regulated in T lymphocytes by Kruppel like factor 13 (KLF13). RANTES, along with the related chemokines MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta, has been identified as a natural HIV-suppressive factor secreted by activated CD8+ T cells and other immune cells. Recently, the RANTES protein has been engineered for in vivo production by Lactobacillus bacteria, and this solution is being developed into a possible HIV entry-inhibiting topical microbicide.

Interactions

CCL5 has been shown to interact with CCR3, CCR5 and CCR1.

CCL5 also activates the G-protein coupled receptor GPR75.

See also

• Chemotaxis
• Chemokine