Somdej Toh

Somdet Phra Buddhacarya (To Brahmaramsi)
File:Marble statue of Somdej Toh, Wat Intharawihan, Bangkok.jpg
Personal
Born	(1788-04-17)April 17, 1788 Tha Ruea, Ayutthaya, Siam
Died	Bang Khun Phrom, Bangkok, Siam
Religion	Buddhism
Nationality	Siamese
School	Theravada, Maha Nikaya
Other names	Somdet To (สมเด็จโต) Khrua To (ขรัวโต)

Somdet To (1788-1872; B.E. 2331-2415), known formally as Somdet Phra Buddhacarya (To Brahmaramsi) (Thai: สมเด็จพระพุฒาจารย์ (โต พฺรหฺมรํสี); rtgs: Somdet Phra Phutthachan (To Phrommarangsi)), was one of the most famous Buddhist monks during Thailand's Rattanakosin Period and continues to be the most widely known monk in Thailand. He is widely revered in Thailand as a monk who possessed magical powers and his amulets are widely sought after. His images and statues are some of the most widespread religious icons in Bangkok.

Biography

Somdet To was born in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, possibly the son of King Rama I. He studied the Buddhist scriptures of the Pāli Canon with several Buddhist masters. After becoming a well-known monk, he became the preceptor for Prince Mongkut, later King Rama IV, when Mongkut became a monk. During Rama IV's reign Somdet To was given the ceremonial name Somdet Phra Buddhacarya (To Brahmaramsi).

He was noted for the skill of his preaching and his use of Thai poetry to reflect the beauty of Buddhism, and for making amulets call Somdej. The amulets were blessed by himself and other respected monks in Thailand. He also appears in many versions of the story of the ghost Mae Nak Phra Khanong. Somdet To also wrote the Jinapanjara, a protective magical incantation which is widely chanted and used by Thais.