Endothelial protein C receptor
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Lua error in Module:Infobox_gene at line 33: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) also known as activated protein C receptor (APC receptor) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PROCR gene.[1][2][3] PROCR has also recently been designated CD201 (cluster of differentiation 201).
The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for protein C that enhances its activation. Protein C is an anti-coagulant serine protease activated by the blood coagulation pathway.
Structure
EPCR protein is an N-glycosylated type I membrane protein that enhances the activation of protein C.[3] It belongs to the MHC class I/CD1 family of proteins, that is characterized by having a deep groove, that in other proteins in the family (but not in EPCR) is usually used for antigen binding.
Like the CD1 series, EPCR has a lipid in the corresponding groove. The bound lipid in EPCR is usually phosphatidylcholine, but it may be phosphatidylethanolamine, and it contributes to protein C binding, though probably not through direct contact [4]
Clinical significance
Mutations in this gene have been associated with venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction, as well as with late fetal loss during pregnancy.[3]
The protein is also involved in Plasmodium falciparum malaria as subtypes of the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family use EPCR of the host as a receptor.[5]
References
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Further reading
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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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